Developing a multimedia model of chemical dynamics in an urban area

Hazardous air pollutants and asthma.

“…Measurements of the magnitude of peak concentrations and collection of ambient air samples should, if possible, include various sample times, an exposure aspect that is important in the induction of asthma. Last, this group of compounds is ideal for future investigation of fugacity models, and knowing the amount of transport across media for these compounds, particularly the less volatile organic compounds, would be helpful (359)(360)(361).…”

MAM-An Aquivalence-based Dynamic Mass Balance Model for the Fate of Non-Volatile Organic Chemicals in the Agricultural Environment

“…The present model adds the D-values for sediment and vegetation compartments to those Dvalues previously described by Batiha et al [18] for air, water and soil. The additional estimated D-values are drawn upon on recent modeling published papers [2,19,[22][23] . The transport and transformation processes from and to sediment and vegetation compartments are discussed below and D-values are listed in Table 3.…”

“…It is becoming evident that vegetations play an important role in the environmental fate of many organic compounds [1][2][3][4] . It is clearly an important aspect of the agricultural environment since approximately 97% of the plantations land surface is covered by vegetation.…”

“…Whereas, for NVOCs, the diffusion process from the surface compartments to the atmosphere is neglected [16] . Moreover, the dominant mechanisms that convey chemicals transport from vegetation to soil are also occurring under wet (i.e., canopy throughfall) and dry (i.e., litterfall) conditions [2] . The water-sediment interface is an active layer, which typically consists of 95% particles and is often highly in organic nature.…”

Urban and rural transport of semivolatile organic compounds at regional scale: A multimedia model approach

“…The Multimedia Urban Model (MUM) and Spatially Oriented MUM (SO-MUM) were used to simulate the fate of POPs from urban to suburban areas in Canada (Diamond et al, 2001;Csiszar et al, 2013). However, these two models focused on the intra-urban scale and the effects of impervious surfaces in urban area.…”