Abstract:In this study, a traffic demand model was created based on a simulation network, and another model was built to calculate exhaust-gas emissions generated by vehicles based on the emission function. Subsequently, emissions for three scenarios were analyzed based on the traffic restriction policy according to the vehicle grading system implemented in Seoul. According to the results of the analysis, emission reduction under the vehicle restriction policy was the highest among passenger cars in the low-speed range… Show more
“…The larger the weighted value is, the greater the effect will be on the recommendation results of the functional attributes related to the weighted value, and vice versa. 4 Finding four: the sampled water scenic spots have different capacities for satisfying the same tourist's interests.…”
Section: Experiments Results Analysis and Findingsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For individual tourists, the choices regarding tourism transportation modes are random. How to reduce the exhaust emissions in tourism activities is the key issue of ecotourism research [3][4][5]. The majority of scholars have completed much work on ecotourism route research.…”
Aiming to address the problems of the current research on water ecotourism routes, a water ecotourism route recommendation model based on an improved cockroach optimization algorithm is proposed. The aim is to recommend the tour routes with the lowest exhaust emissions. Firstly, depending on tourists’ once-visited water scenic spots, a scenic spot recommendation model based on the improved item-based collaborative filtering algorithm is set up. Then, by combining the recommended scenic spots and integrating the random transportation modes selected by tourists, a tour route recommendation model based on an improved cockroach optimization algorithm is constructed, which can output the tour route that produces the lowest exhaust emissions. Finally, The sample experiment shows that, on the basis of combining with the multivariate random transportation modes, the proposed algorithm has greater advantages than the tour routes planned by the traditional electronic maps, as it can output the tour routes with the lowest exhaust emissions, reduce the damage exhaust emissions cause in the urban water environments and to water resources, and effectively protect the urban water ecological environments.
“…The larger the weighted value is, the greater the effect will be on the recommendation results of the functional attributes related to the weighted value, and vice versa. 4 Finding four: the sampled water scenic spots have different capacities for satisfying the same tourist's interests.…”
Section: Experiments Results Analysis and Findingsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For individual tourists, the choices regarding tourism transportation modes are random. How to reduce the exhaust emissions in tourism activities is the key issue of ecotourism research [3][4][5]. The majority of scholars have completed much work on ecotourism route research.…”
Aiming to address the problems of the current research on water ecotourism routes, a water ecotourism route recommendation model based on an improved cockroach optimization algorithm is proposed. The aim is to recommend the tour routes with the lowest exhaust emissions. Firstly, depending on tourists’ once-visited water scenic spots, a scenic spot recommendation model based on the improved item-based collaborative filtering algorithm is set up. Then, by combining the recommended scenic spots and integrating the random transportation modes selected by tourists, a tour route recommendation model based on an improved cockroach optimization algorithm is constructed, which can output the tour route that produces the lowest exhaust emissions. Finally, The sample experiment shows that, on the basis of combining with the multivariate random transportation modes, the proposed algorithm has greater advantages than the tour routes planned by the traditional electronic maps, as it can output the tour routes with the lowest exhaust emissions, reduce the damage exhaust emissions cause in the urban water environments and to water resources, and effectively protect the urban water ecological environments.
“…Barcelona permits automobile traffic only on the outer main roads and pedestrians on the inner roads 9 , 65 . Portland aims to provide easy access to services and transit facilities by walking and biking 66 , 67 . Figure 2 Paris, 15-minute City, this map is based on data from Paris Data ( https://opendata.paris.fr/ ), this map was generated in Qgis desktop version 3.28 software ( https://qgis.org/ko/site/ ).…”
Pedestrian-oriented urban strategies such as the Paris 15-minute City are needed to respond to the global boiling. Quantitative evaluation of pedestrian-oriented urban objectives is important for various cities, and in this paper, a walkability evaluation system for the advanced model is developed considering the characteristics of a large city. The system calculates the walkability of Seoul. The evaluation system uses the Betweenness index as a weight in the urban network analysis. Considering stations with a high betweenness in urban traffic is essential for evaluating a pedestrian-oriented metropolis. Our findings in this study are that the UNA index in WES is critical for transit-oriented, walkable cities. The large city needs to find the location for mobility hubs or stations to observe the last mile. Installing a mobility hub or station at a high-value location in the city center is functionally important. In a pedestrian-oriented city, citizens can walk and bike the last mile in a busy city center. Walkable cities can encourage active transport and ultimately create more sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation systems. This study offers valuable insights into pedestrian infrastructure, urban systems, and policies that promote green transportation.
“…Equation (1) expresses the emission calculation formula for analyzing the set scenarios. In this study, the emission function developed by Jo and Kim [42] was used. The formula was based on the vehicular exhaust-gas calculation method used in the Clean Air Policy Support System (CAPSS) of the National Institute of Environmental Research of Korea (NIER).…”
Due to global climate change, various countries have agreed upon the use of conventions. In this study, the eco-friendly vehicular policy on carbon neutrality implemented in Seoul, Korea, was examined. To this end, various policy-based scenarios were set, and the changes in automotive exhaust gas emissions were evaluated and compared. The evaluation method combined macroscopic and microscopic emission models as its analysis framework. Micro-traffic data available in Korea were used for analyses, and the results for all autonomous districts were derived to cover the entire area of Seoul. The findings confirmed that the most effective measure is the initial replacement of old, mid-size, or large diesel passenger cars with eco-friendly vehicles (Middle-sized: Scenario 2-1 5.52%, Scenario 2-2 6.86%, Scenario 3-1 80.93%, and Scenario 3-2 83.98%). The replacement of old vehicles exhibited the highest effect in all tested scenarios, while the initial replacement of diesel vehicles was more effective than the replacement of gasoline and liquified petroleum gas vehicles (Diesel: Scenario2-1 6.64%, Scenario 2-2 8.21%, Scenario3-1 86.23%, and Scenario 3-2 90.51%). Among the autonomous districts of Seoul, the Gangnam-gu area exhibited the largest emission-reduced effect among all the tested scenarios (Gangnam-gu: Scenario 2-1 5.80%, Scenario 2-2 6.74%, Scenario 3-1 80.44%, and Scenario 3-2 82.62%). Overall, it was demonstrated that the findings of this study may have significant policy implications in terms of urban emission changes pertaining to transportation.
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