“…Specifically, highly branched dendrimers were immobilized on the inner surfaces of the PDMS microchannels and the capturing aptamers were consequently conjugated to the dendrimer coated PDMS surfaces via functional groups of the PAMAM dendrimers. The benefits of using the PAMAM dendrimers were twofold as we have demonstrated in our previous work (Qin et al, 2015;Qin, Yang, Zhang, & Cao, 2017): (1) the dendrimers are shown to render modified surfaces nonfouling to minimize nonspecific bindings, thus reducing background signals, and (2) the immobilized multifunctional dendrimers can provide multiple binding sites for subsequent conjugating multiple copies of E. coli O157:H7 capturing aptamers to significantly increase capturing surface areas and probabilities. Buffer solutions spiked with E. coli O157:H7 cells at different concentrations (i.e., 10 2 , 10 3 , 10 4 , and 10 5 cells/mL) were injected into the dendrimer-aptamer modified PDMS devices at a flow rate of 0.05 mL/hr for 1 hr.…”