Developing GIS-Based Unit Hydrographs for Flood Management in Makkah Metropolitan Area, Saudi Arabia

Dawod, Gomaa M.; Koshak, Nabeel

doi:10.4236/jgis.2011.32012

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Synthetic unit hydrographs define the hydrograph of a watershed that would result from 1 in. of rainfall and are commonly applied to estimate peak flows, especially where precipitation and geographic information for a watershed is known but streamflow data is unavailable (Adib et al, 2010; Dawod & Koshak, 2011; Günal & Güven, 2016; Reshma et al, 2010; Sule & Alabi, 2013). Once developed, a synthetic unit hydrograph can be applied to estimate peak discharge for any given storm event based upon the product of the unit hydrograph peak flow (m 3 /s/mm or cfs/in.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transposing flood risk from extreme rainfall events: A case study of Hurricane Harvey

Regier

Naughton

McDonald

2021

J Flood Risk Management

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Hurricane Harvey produced unprecedented flooding that altered flood frequency statistics near Houston, Texas. While Harvey could have made landfall elsewhere along the Gulf coast, traditional flood frequency methodologies only consider the risk of Harvey in the region that it hit. This may be a shortcoming of flood frequency methodologies as the intensity of Harvey was greater due to climate change; therefore, Harvey may be more indicative of future hurricanes than other historical observations. To that end, this study investigates what effect Harvey would have had on flood frequency statistics if it had made landfall elsewhere. To do so, a Monte Carlo simulation was used to shift Harvey's rainfall within alternative landfall locations. This rainfall was then applied to synthetic unit hydrographs to estimate peak flows that were applied in Log Pearson III and Regional Flood Frequency Analyses. Log Pearson III analyses with simulated Harvey streamflows produced median 100‐year peak flows that were 17%–66% higher than analyses that only used historical records. A regional flood frequency analysis in the central coastal geomorphologic region of Texas showed that predictive equations, based upon basin area and shape factor, had an average increase of 30.2% in the 100‐year peak discharge.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transposing flood risk from extreme rainfall events: A case study of Hurricane Harvey

Regier

Naughton

McDonald

2021

J Flood Risk Management

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“…For the present study, rational formula and SUH approach is applied for estimation of PFD though many approaches available (Bhatt and Tiwari, 2010;Dawod and Koshak, 2011). The procedures adopted in rational formula and SUH approach are given as below.…”

Section: Approaches For Estimation Of Pfdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercomparison of Rainfall Estimates of Three Distributions for Computation of PFD using Rational Formula and SUH Approach

Vivekanandan¹,

Srishailam²,

Patil³

2023

JCEU

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Peak flood discharge (PFD) for a given return period is considered as one of the most important parameters for planning and design of hydraulic structures, river protection works, and development of integrated water resources management projects. This can be achieved by adopting various methods such as flood frequency analysis, rational formula, envelope curves and Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) approach. Out of which, rational formula is applied for estimation of PFD for ungauged catchments with catchment area less than 25 km2 while SUH approach is adopted for ungauged catchments with catchment area more than 25 km2. This paper aims to investigate the study on intercomparison of probability distributions for estimation of extreme (i.e., 1-day maximum) rainfall for computation of PFD by adopting rational formula and SUH approach for the Vadhavan Port Project (VPP). The annual 1-day maximum rainfall series is extracted from the daily rainfall data observed at Dahanu site during the period 1969 to 2019 and also used for estimation of rainfall. The probability distributions viz., Extreme Value Type-1, 2-parameter Log Normal and Log Pearson Type-3 (LP3) adopted in extreme value analysis of rainfall is evaluated through diagnostic test using root mean square error and accordingly LP3 is adjudged as the best fit for estimation of rainfall. The 1-day maximum rainfall obtained from LP3 is considered to compute the rainfall intensity by applying one-third rule of IMD (India Meteorological Department) and also used for computation of PFD through rational formula. In SUH approach, the areal rainfall, physiographic and SUH parameters of the ungauged catchments are considered for computation of PFD. The study suggests the 25-year, 50-year and 100-year return period PFDs at six locations within the study area using rational formula and SUH approach could be considered for design purposes while designing any civil and hydraulic structures in the VPP.

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“…Guna mengetahui penyebab dan akibat banjir bandang sebagai bencana yang ditimbulkan oleh respon hujan ekstrim di suatu DAS, banyak penelitian dilakukan dengan mengkolaborasikan analisis hidrologi dan analisis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) (Jonkman, 2005;Garambois et al, 2015). Beberapa penelitian melakukan kolaborasi tersebut dalam pemodelan banjir seperti pengembangan GIS modelling berdasarkan hidrograf satuan untuk managemen banjir di daerah Metropolitan Mekkah (Dawod et al., 2011), dan aplikasi model HEC-HMS untuk simulasi aliran pada DAS beriklim tropis di Sri Lanka (Halwatura, 2013). Oleh karena itu, meningkatkan kemampuan simulasi untuk estimasi banjir serta mengembangkan seperangkat teknologi dan alat untuk sistem peringatan dini yang efektif sangat perlu dilakukan (Horton, 1945;Abuzied, 2016;Borga, 2011).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Kajian Hidrologi Debit Puncak Penyebab Banjir Bandang Menggunakan Pemodelan Hidrograf Satuan Sintesis-SCS (HSS-SCS)

Sabriyati

Hadi²

2022

Akuatiklestari

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Siklus hidrologi merupakan hal terpenting dalam memahami proses fisik yang mengendalikan distribusi dan pergerakan air. Salahsatu proses siklus hidrologi yang paling berbahaya adalah hujan karena mampu menyebabkan bencana di lingkungan perairan seperti banjir dan banjir bandang. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah kajian hidrologi di Sub-DAS Bt. Kuranji, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui debit puncak penyebab banjir bandang akibat curah hujan harian melalui analisis karakteristik hidrograf banjir (HSS) menggunakan pemodelan hidrologi berbasis SIG dan HEC-HMS. Data yang digunakan yaitu DEM IFSAR, data hujan selama 38 tahun, dan citra satelit Quickbird. Data diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak HEC-HMS dan HEC-GeoHMS pada Arc-GIS untuk mendapatkan nilai hujan rerata kawasan (MAP), SCS-CN dan Hidrograf banjir dari debit puncak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hujan terkosentrasi selama 3 jam dengan Puncak hujan efektif (Pe) pada periode ulang 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, dan 100 tahun rata-rata terjadi antara jam ke-2 dan jam ke-3 turunnya hujan. Debit puncak (Q) tiap periode ulang secara berurutan yaitu 168,4 m3/dt, 287,9 m3/dt, 381,5 m3/dt, 479,6 m3/dt, 616,4 m3/dt, dan 724,9 m3/dt.

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Developing GIS-Based Unit Hydrographs for Flood Management in Makkah Metropolitan Area, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Transposing flood risk from extreme rainfall events: A case study of Hurricane Harvey

Transposing flood risk from extreme rainfall events: A case study of Hurricane Harvey

Intercomparison of Rainfall Estimates of Three Distributions for Computation of PFD using Rational Formula and SUH Approach

Kajian Hidrologi Debit Puncak Penyebab Banjir Bandang Menggunakan Pemodelan Hidrograf Satuan Sintesis-SCS (HSS-SCS)

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