“…Over decades, the hydrothermal technique has proven beneficial for the synthesis of ZnO nanostructures on either rigid or flexible substrates. Rigid substrates are often concerned about glass [ 2 , 22 , 33 , 44 , 48 , 59 , 61 ], whereas flexible substrates include silicon [ 45 , 100 ], polyimide (PI) [ 44 , 45 , 48 , 100 ], PET [ 19 , 34 , 68 ], polycarbonate (PC) [ 48 , 100 ], Kapton [ 101 ], PDMS [ 17 ], carbon fiber [ 17 , 29 ] and paper [ 17 ].…”