Developing multivariate time series models to examine the interrelations between police enforcement, traffic violations, and traffic crashes

Do crashes happen more frequently at sunset in Ramadan than the rest of the year?

“…Several studies have found an increase in road traffic crashes during holidays regardless of whether in Ramadan for Muslims or other holidays for other religions. 26 , 27 , 28 In Pakistan, Kumar et al. 27 found that Ramadan and Eid Al-Fitr had the highest road traffic accidents in all 2014 years.…”

Investigation of Contributing Factors to Traffic Crashes and Violations: A Random Parameter Multinomial Logit Approach

“…e parameter estimations under equation (3) can account for individual-specific variations on the violation probabilities. e importance of accounting for the unobserved heterogeneity across observations in the analysis of vehicle violation and crash data has been underscored in many existing studies [3,9,11,34,35]. In this study, this RPL model was fitted while considering the normal, uniform, and lognormal distributions of the random parameters.…”

“…Simultaneously, traffic violations involving motor vehicles have become more frequent [2]. Multiple research studies have shown that traffic violations and actual traffic crashes are closely related and both have worsened traffic safety [3].…”

Maritime accidents in the Yangtze River: A time series analysis for 2011–2020

“…Analysis of time characteristics of maritime accidents is another hotspot issue. From the perspective of data resources, the data sources of most studies fall into two categories: raw historical data from public resources such as GISIS (Hassel et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2021a), secondhand data from local administration, maritime accident reports (Quddus, 2008;Chai et al, 2020;Feng et al, 2020). However, because of data collection and data matching in maritime accident reporting, studying maritime accident time series characteristics has been difficult (Psarros et al, 2010;Hassel et al, 2011;Luo and Shin, 2019).…”