Development and applicability of a quality control phantom for dental cone‐beam CT

Pauwels, Ruben; Stamatakis, Harry; Manousaridis, G.; Walker, Adrian; Michielsen, Koen; Bosmans, Hilde; Bogaerts, Ria; Jacobs, Reinhilde; Horner, Keith; Tsiklakis, Kostas

doi:10.1120/jacmp.v12i4.3478

Cited by 80 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…abbreviation is used, the inclusion of computed tomography demands that a radiology specialist must analyse the acquisition, which would represent an additional expenditure. A dentist, oral surgeon, maxillofacial surgeon cannot analyse conventional CT acquisitions [10][11][12]15,17,32,33,35,43,58,[61][62][63][64].There is also a practical reason; DVT is using lower-intensity radiation than conventional CT. Consequently, it makes only the structure of bone density materials visible in details on the acquisition picture but the soft tissue cannot visualized qualitatively [11,37,39,43,65]. In contrast, some cone or pyramidal beam using equipment, scanning with higher intensity X-ray, is able to show the quality of soft tissues (MDCT) [13,14,29,66].…”

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“…These may produce one class of artefacts, called metal artefacts, but there are fewer at the level of the occlusion by dental CBCT acquisition than in conventional CT [10,11,15,43,74]. -More noise in the dental CBCT image than in conventional CT [29,36,37,46,48,67,70,71,75]. …”

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“…Most of the instruments operate within the 60-90 kV range. Some instruments utilize potential in the 90-120 kV range, and a few instruments utilize 120 kV as a single value [16,17,30,32,37,38,41,[44][45][46]48,[52][53][54][55][56][57]66,[69][70][71]. In contrast, the conventional CT utilizes a higher voltage range: 80-140 kV.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The following three types of cone beam-related artefacts are recognized: [10,[12][13][14][15][16][17]29,30,36,68]. CBCT volume [29,30,32,37,49,50,66]. For instance, according to definition by MDCT, the air HU value is exactly -1000.…”

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“…First of all, there is a data acquisition, using some type of X-ray radiation, collecting two-dimensional basic projections of digital images. This is treated as 'raw data' (RD) [11,14,16,17,36,37,[52][53][54][55]58]. In a second step, a computer will analyse the collected two-dimensional basic projections.…”

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Examination of Grey Value Accuracy and Improvement of Image Quality in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)

Plachtovics

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The WARM operation mode represents that the CBCT machine was switched on for at least two hours before the scan but no detector calibration was performed. WARM+C WARM+C scan protocol is consistent with the cone beam computed tomography scan with the complete calibration sequence after the warming-up period. The two-hour warming-up period preceded the calibration process. WUP warming-up period 2D 2 dimensional 3D 3 dimensional iv Galen's principal interest was in human anatomy but, from about 150 BC [2], Roman law had prohibited the dissection of human cadavers. Because of this restriction, Galen performed anatomical dissections on living (vivisection) and dead animals, mostly focusing on pigs and primates [3]. This work was useful because the anatomical structures of these animals usually closely mirror those of humans. Galen clarified the anatomy of the trachea, and was the first to demonstrate that the larynx generates the voice [4,5]. In one experiment, Galen used bellows to inflate the lungs of a dead animal. In his work De motu musculorum, Galen explained the difference between motor and sensory nerves, discussed the concept of muscle tone, and explained the difference between agonists and antagonists [5,6].Andreas Vesalius ( This environment, which lasted from the second century (Galenius) to the sixteenth century (Vesalius), developed a strong desire to have the ability to see inside the human body [7]. Development of medical imagingDuring many centuries the only way to visualize the inside of the human body was through dissection. With technical development, scientists had started to investigate the inside of the human body without its opening. In 1881, Alexander Graham Bell attempted to use magnets and sound waves to discover the location of the bullet that eventually killed U.S.President James A. Garfield [8].After a lengthy period, during scientific experiments with various types of vacuum tube equipment, the discovery of X-rays in 1895, by the Bavarian physicist Conrad Röntgen, represented a major breakthrough (Figure 3 A). When X-rays were finally discovered, they found their way to medical applications within months [9]. B C A 3The original discovery by Röntgen, at the Physical Institute, Julius-Maximilian University, Würzburg, Germany, is recorded to be on 8 November 1895 [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. During the discovery, he speculated that a new kind of ray might be responsible for the observation.Since 8 th November was a Friday, instead of relaxing over the weekend, Röntgen took advantage of the time to repeat his experiments. In the following weeks he investigated many properties of the new rays he had temporarily termed 'X-ray'. In fact, he virtually lived in his laboratory during that time. The new X-ray is called the 'Röntgen ray' in many languages [18]. Nearly two weeks after his discovery, he took the very first picture using X-rays of his wife Anna Bertha's hand. When she saw her skeleton she exclaimed 'I have seen my death!' (Figure 3 B and C) [10,18]. Röntgen receive the fir...

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Examination of Grey Value Accuracy and Improvement of Image Quality in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)

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Optimization of cone beam computed tomography image quality in implant dentistry

Alawaji

MacDonald

Giannelis

et al. 2018

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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This study was conducted to optimize the cone beam computed tomography image quality in implant dentistry using both clinical and quantitative image quality evaluation with measurement of the radiation dose. A natural bone human skull phantom and an image quality phantom were used to evaluate the images produced after changing the exposure parameters (kVp and mA). A 10 × 5 cm2 field of view was selected for average adult. Five scans were taken with varying kVp (70–90 kVp) first at fixed 4 mA. After assessment of the scans and selecting the best kVp, nine scans were taken with 2–12 mA, and the kVp was fixed at the optimal value. A clinical assessment of the implant‐related anatomical landmarks was done in random order by two blinded examiners. Quantitative image quality was assessed for noise/uniformity, artifact added value, contrast‐to‐noise ratio, spatial resolution, and geometrical distortion. A dosimetry index phantom and thimble ion chamber were used to measure the absorbed dose for each scan setting. The anatomical landmarks of the maxilla had good image quality at all kVp settings. To produce good quality images, the mandibular landmarks demanded higher exposure parameters than the maxillary landmarks. The quantitative image quality values were acceptable at all selected exposure settings. Changing the exposure parameters does not necessarily produce higher image quality outcomes but does affect the radiation dose to the patient. The image quality could be optimized for implant treatment planning at lower exposure settings and dose than the default settings.

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A simplified low‐cost phantom for image quality assessment of dental cone beam computed tomography unit

Rabba,

Jaafar,

Suhaimi

et al. 2023

J of Medical Radiation Sci

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IntroductionA standardised testing protocol for evaluation of a wide range of dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) performance and image quality (IQ) parameters is still limited and commercially available testing tool is unaffordable by some centres. This study aims to assess the performance of a low‐cost fabricated phantom for image quality assessment (IQA) of digital CBCT unit.MethodsA customised polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cylindrical phantom was developed for performance evaluation of Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid digital dental CBCT unit. The fabricated phantom consists of four different layers for testing specific IQ parameters such as CT number accuracy and uniformity, noise and CT number linearity. The phantom was scanned using common scanning protocols in clinical routine (90.0 kV, 8.0 mA and 13.6 s). In region‐of‐interest (ROI) analysis, the mean CT numbers (in Hounsfield unit, HU) and noise for water and air were determined and compared with the reference values (0 HU for water and −1000 HU for air). For linearity test, the correlation between the measured HU of different inserts with their density was studied.ResultsThe average CT number were −994.1 HU and −2.4 HU, for air and water, respectively and the differences were within the recommended acceptable limit. The linearity test showed a strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.9693) between the measured HU and their densities.ConclusionThe fabricated IQ phantom serves as a simple and affordable testing tool for digital dental CBCT imaging.

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Development and applicability of a quality control phantom for dental cone‐beam CT

Cited by 80 publications

References 22 publications

Examination of Grey Value Accuracy and Improvement of Image Quality in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)

Examination of Grey Value Accuracy and Improvement of Image Quality in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)

Optimization of cone beam computed tomography image quality in implant dentistry

A simplified low‐cost phantom for image quality assessment of dental cone beam computed tomography unit

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