Development and Application of Blast Casting Technique in Large-Scale Surface Mines: A Case Study of Heidaigou Surface Coal Mine in China

Abstract

Blast casting is a high-efficiency technique applied in surface mines for overburden removal and results in stripping cost savings. According to ballistic theory and center-of-mass frame basic movement principles, key factors influencing blast casting effect were analyzed, which include bench height and mining panel width, inclined angle of blast holes, explosive unit consumption (EUC), delay-time interval, presplitting, and blast hole pattern parameters. An intelligent design software was developed for obtaining better breaking and casting effect, and the error rates predicted with actual result can be controlled with 10%. Blast casting technique was successfully applied in Heidaigou Surface Coal Mine (HSCM) with more than 34% of material casted into the inner dump. A ramp ditch was set within the middle inner dump for coal transportation. The procedure of stripping and excavating was implemented separately and alternately in the two sections around the middle ramp ditch. An unconstrained-nonlinear model was deduced for optimizing the shift distance of the middle ramp. The calculation results show that optimum shift distance of HSCM is 480 m, and the middle ditch should be shifted after 6 blast casting mining panels being stripped.

Study on Presplitting Blasting the Roof Strata of Adjacent Roadway to Control Roadway Deformation

“…e presplitting blasting of the overlying strata on the 72908 haulage roadway is shown in Figure 12(b). According to previous engineering experience [33][34][35], the space between the presplitting blasting borehole is generally in the range of 400-600 mm. e numerical simulation was carried out on the rock strata conditions of the #2 coal seam in Du'erping coal mine.…”

Prediction of BlastInduced Ground Vibration (BIGV) of Metro Construction Using Difference Evolution AlgorithmOptimized Gaussian Process (DE‐GP)

“…At present, the widespread application of blasting technology has penetrated into many areas of the national economy. Because of its high efficiency, economy, and speed, it has long been favored in the field of engineering construction [1][2][3]. However, blasting also produces a series of harmful effects, mainly including blast-induced ground vibration (BIGV), blasting flying rocks, noise, shock wave, etc.…”

Dynamic Response Characteristics and Failure Mechanism of Coal Slopes with Weak Intercalated Layers under Blasting Loads

“…Rock slopes could experience the disturbance from various deep mining activities in the process of combined open-pit mining and underground mining. In such deep mining process, the high-stress hard rock experiences various extreme events such as blasting operations, mechanical shock earthquakes, excavation unloading, and other dynamic disturbances around the deep underground rock [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], causing the significant change of the stress field and displacement field in the slopes and thus worsening the instability of slopes and landslide [17][18][19][20]. For example, on May 13, 2011, the north side of Shengli open-pit mine in Inner Mongolia, China, experienced a catastrophic landslide, which had a length of about 1.3 km, an area of 0.886 km 2 , and a volume of approximately 85 million m 3 [21].…”

“…MATLAB was used to compile the Chebyshev II bandpass filter in order to filter the wave and obtain the effective waveform frequency.3.3. Dynamic Response Characteristics of the Slope.In order to study the influence of input wave frequency on slope dynamic response characteristics, the displacement and shear strain nephograms of slope under dynamic loads with different frequencies(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) are shown in Figures 4 and 5.…”