Development and application of LC–APCI–MS method for biomonitoring of animal and human exposure to imidacloprid

Kavvalakis, Matthaios; Tzatzarakis, Manolis; Theodoropoulou, Eleftheria; Barbounis, Emmanouil; Tsakalof, Andreas; Tsatsakis, Aristidis

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.087

Cited by 49 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For analytes extraction from hair, methanol and acetonitrile were tried in spiked concentration levels of 25, 250, and 1000 pg/mg and methanol proved to be the most efficient solvent with recovery >84.8% for all analytes (Table ), while with acetonitrile achieved recoveries were below 60%. Besides, methanol confirmed to be a suitable solvent for extraction of pesticides and its metabolites from hair by previous studies …”

Section: Optimization Of Analytes Extraction From the Hair Specimenmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Spiked and quality control samples were prepared according to previous studies . Control group rabbits’ hair was used as blank hair samples after analyzed and found negative for all target analytes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, hair can be easily acquired by non‐invasive sampling; a second sample giving similar information to the first can be easily obtained if needed . Hair analysis has been successfully used to assess chronic exposure to various chemicals (drugs of abuse, medicines, metals, various xenobiotics, environmental pollutants) and for the assessment of exposure to organophosphate pesticides, dialkylphosphates and recently to neonicotinoids …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and application of GC‐MS method for monitoring of long‐term exposure to the pesticide cypermethrin

Kavvalakis

Tzatzarakis

Alegakis

et al. 2014

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Cypermethrin (CPMN) is a synthetic pyrethroid used as an insecticide in large-scale commercial agricultural applications as well as for domestic purposes. In the present study a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based method was developed and validated for the quantitation of CPMN metabolites, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) and cis-and trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1-cyclopropane (cis-and trans-Cl 2 CA). The developed method was applied for the monitoring of CPMN metabolites in hair of laboratory animals (rabbits) intentionally exposed per os to CPMN at 40 (low dose) and 80 (high dose) mg/kg weight/day for 16 weeks. The analytical method comprises three main steps: isolation of analytes from hair, analytes derivatization, and subsequent instrumental analysis by GC-MS. The limits of detection ensured by the method are 4.0, 3.9 and 1.0 pg/mg hair for cis-Cl 2 CA, trans-Cl 2 CA and 3-PBA, respectively. The instrument responce is linear (r 2 > 0.99) in the investigated concentrations range from 25 to 1000 pg/mg. With and between-run precision as well as accuracy were estimated and found satisfactory. Analytes were efficiently isolated by solid-liquid extraction from hair with recoveries greater than 84.8% for cis-Cl 2 CA, 87.2% for trans-Cl 2 CA and 96.4% for 3-PBA. Rabbit's hair showed increasing levels for all metabolites (metabolites accumulation in a time and dose dependent manner) over time and in a dose-dependent manner. The developed experimental procedure could be used for biomonitoring of population exposure to CPMN.

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Section: Optimization Of Analytes Extraction From the Hair Specimenmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and application of GC‐MS method for monitoring of long‐term exposure to the pesticide cypermethrin

Kavvalakis

Tzatzarakis

Alegakis

et al. 2014

Drug Testing and Analysis

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“…Further, 6-chloronicotinic acid was found to be largely soluble in water, and for this reason it could probably be leached from the terrestrial ecosystem toward surface and ground water and eventually pass into the food chain. In a more recent study, Kavvalakis et al [68] validated the primary metabolite 6-chloronicotinic acid in male rabbits administrated low (40 mg kg À1 d À1 ) and high (80 mg kg À1 d À1 ) dose of imidacloprid by clean tap water for six months, and they also detected median and maximum concentration of imidacloprid in Cretan population is 0.03 ng mg À1 and 0.27 ng mg À1 , respectively. Likewise, it was even as SchulzJander and Casida [69] indicated, once in the human body, imidacloprid would highly be absorbed and metabolized by human cytochrome P450 enzymes, and then generate some metabolites with greater toxicity than the parent compound, e.g.…”

Section: Preliminary Studies Of the Metabolites Of Imidaclopridmentioning

confidence: 91%

Biological assessment of neonicotinoids imidacloprid and its major metabolites for potentially human health using globular proteins as a model

Ding

Peng

2015

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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“…Previous techniques based on high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) combined with UV, photo-diode array (PDA), MS, and MS/MS for the monitoring ICP and 6CA [4][5][6] have crucial drawbacks: 1) all of the methods consume large quantities of toxic organic solvents, acetonitrile and/or methanol, 7 in the mobile phases. Risk associated with these solvents extend beyond direct implications for the health of humans and wildlife to affect our environment and the ecosystem in which we all reside.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A green HPLC technique with a 100% water mobile phase for detecting imidacloprid and its metabolite 6-chloronicotinic acid

Furusawa

2016

10.5267/j.ccl

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This paper describes a harmless HPLC technique for detecting imidacloprid (ICP) and its metabolite, 6-chloronicotinic acid (6CA), using an isocratic 100 % water mobile phase. Chromatographic separations were performed a Daisopak® SP-200-3-C1-P with water mobile phase and a photodiode-array detector. The total run time was < 6 min. The system suitability was well within the international acceptance criteria. The detection limits were 0.018 μg/ml for ICP and 0.005 μg/ml for 6CA, respectively. A harmless HPLC method for simultaneous detecting ICP and 6CA was developed and may be further applied to the quantification in animal-derived foods.

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Development and application of LC–APCI–MS method for biomonitoring of animal and human exposure to imidacloprid

Cited by 49 publications

References 16 publications

Development and application of GC‐MS method for monitoring of long‐term exposure to the pesticide cypermethrin

Development and application of GC‐MS method for monitoring of long‐term exposure to the pesticide cypermethrin

Biological assessment of neonicotinoids imidacloprid and its major metabolites for potentially human health using globular proteins as a model

A green HPLC technique with a 100% water mobile phase for detecting imidacloprid and its metabolite 6-chloronicotinic acid

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