Development and Application of Medicine-Engineering Integration in the Rehabilitation of Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

The rapid progress of the combination of medicine and engineering provides better chances for the clinical treatment and healthcare engineering. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its related symptoms have become a major global health problem. At present, these techniques has been widely used in the rehabilitation of TBI. In this review article, we summarizes the progress of the combination of medicine and industry in the rehabilitation of traumatic brain injury in recent years, mainly from the following aspects: artificial intelligence (AI), brain-computer interfaces (BCI), noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), and wearable-assisted devices. We believe the summary of this article can improve insight into the combination of medicine and industry in the rehabilitation of traumatic brain injury.

Artificial intelligence and rehabilitation: what’s new and promising

“…Another question is whether AI applications may be uniformly useful in the rehabilitation of traumatic brain injury, even if they employ well designed brain-computer interfaces, noninvasive brain stimulation, and wearable-assisted devices 18 without more careful research. Moreover, even if exoskeleton assisted walking devices assist spinal cord cases to advance functionally and improve lung capacity, 19 are these approaches practical in the long term or should these approaches be studied more widely before applying their selected features and integrated these with personalized data inputs that may yet be undetermined.…”

Combination of a Chaperone Synthesis Inducer and an Inhibitor of GAPDH Aggregation for Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study

“…Multitarget therapy for TBI is gaining increasing attention, and hundreds of new approaches have been proposed over past 10 years [ 45 ], but among the published studies, only a third show an increase in the effectiveness of the combined use of drugs compared to monotherapy. One of the key criteria for potentially successful multitarget therapy is that each component of the therapy must have mono-agentic activity without cross-resistance [ 46 ].…”

Non-Invasive Systems Application in Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation

“…BCIs are evolving as potential means to replace the brain's conventional output pathways through sensory organs, peripheral nerves and muscles. This advancement opens up new avenues for communication and computer control in individuals with sensory or motor deficits [18,19]. BCIs have the capability to translate brain signals, acquired through both non-invasive and invasive techniques, into control signals for external devices like computer cursors or robotic limbs [20].…”

“…Numerous clinical studies have shown the effectiveness of BCIs in TBI rehabilitation [21,22]. One innovative approach is to apply Hopfield neuronal networks (via cerebral organoids and external microelectronics) in order to prevent memory loss in TBI patients [19,23]. Moreover, the integration of BCIs with functional electrical stimulation (FES) technologies has shown promise in enhancing treatment outcomes [24].…”