Development and characterization of an equine skin‐equivalent model

Cerrato, Santiago Grau; Ramió‐Lluch, Laura; Brazı́s, Pilar; Rabanal, Rosa M.; Fondevila, Dolors; Puigdemont, Anna

doi:10.1111/vde.12134

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…If K42 and K124 expression is likewise restricted to the hoof capsule, these keratin isoforms could serve as tissue‐specific differentiation markers for lamellar epithelial cells. K10 is a major keratin isoform in the postmitotic keratinizing cells in the suprabasal layers of the skin epidermis and could serve as a useful tissue‐specific differentiation marker for postmitotic equine skin epidermal cells .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and localization of epithelial stem cell and differentiation markers in equine skin, eye and hoof

Linardi¹,

Megee²,

Mainardi³

et al. 2015

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background The limited characterization of equine skin, eye and hoof epithelial stem cell (ESC) and differentiation markers impedes the investigation of the physiology and pathophysiology of these tissues. Hypothesis/Objectives To characterize ESC and differentiation marker expression in epithelial tissues of the equine eye, haired skin and hoof capsule. Methods Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting were utilized to detect expression and tissue localization of keratin (K) isoforms K3, K10, K14, and K124, the transcription factor p63 (a marker of ESCs) and phosphorylated p63 (pp63, a marker of ESC to transit-amplifying (TA) cell transition) in epithelial tissues of the foot (haired skin, hoof coronet and hoof lamellae) and the eye (limbus and cornea). Results K14 expression was restricted to the basal layer of epidermal lamellae, and to basal and adjacent suprabasal layers of the haired skin, coronet and corneal limbus. Coronary and lamellar epidermis was negative for both K3 and K10, which were expressed in the cornea/limbus epithelium and haired skin epidermis, respectively. Variable expression of p63 with relatively low to high levels of phosphorylation was detected in individual basal and suprabasal cells of all epithelial tissues examined. Conclusions This is the first report of the characterization of tissue-specific keratin marker expression and the localization of putative epithelial progenitor cell populations, including ESCs (high p63 expression with low pp63 levels) and TA cells (high expression of both p63 and pp63), in the horse. These results will aid further investigation of epidermal and corneal epithelial biology and regenerative therapies in horses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and localization of epithelial stem cell and differentiation markers in equine skin, eye and hoof

Linardi¹,

Megee²,

Mainardi³

et al. 2015

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…The gold standard to test this would be a transplantation assay (even though it is not straightforward) involving either an intense depilation, as there are no hairless horses, hairless scars or a switch to a nude mice model. As a 3D‐skin equivalent has been described for equine skin , it is expected that the formation and maintenance of the hair follicle niches in such models will be further addressed as the most interesting aspects. This does not only appeal to regenerative medicine in equine dermatology but may also extend the knowledge about properties of longhair follicles and help in establishing suitable models of the human scalp hair follicle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horse hair follicles: A novel dermal stem cell source for equine regenerative medicine

et al. 2017

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The easily accessible niche represented by skin and its appendages may serve as a promising source to complement modern regenerative medicine for horses. In humans and in animal models for human medicine, the hair follicle and its stem cell niches are well characterized. Since literature in this field of equine research is scarce, we sought to analyze cells of the dermal stem cell niche of the equine hair follicle morphologically and for a subset of markers useful for cell characterization via immunolabeling. We cultured equine forelock skin explants to obtain cultures with cells migrating from the hair follicles. Isolation of cells revealed typical fibroblast morphology with a strong tendency to aggregate and form spheroids. For immunofluorescent characterization of primary isolations, we tested an antibody panel consisting of lineage makers for the dermal compartment of the hair follicle, markers associated with an undifferentiated cell status and markers for epithelial cell types as negative controls. All antibodies used were also tested on equine skin sections. The isolated cells displayed clear profiles of dermal and undifferentiated cells. To substantiate our findings, we tested our primary isolations for established equine multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell antigen expression markers in flow cytometry experiments yielding strong convergence. The data presented here provide insights to a stem cell source in horses almost unnoticed to date. The basic investigations of the equine dermal hair follicle stem cell niche confirm the expression of standard markers used in other species and lay the foundation for future studies on this easily available adult stem cell source. V C 2017 International Society for Advancement of CytometryKey terms hair follicle; dermal stem cells; equine skin; equine cell culture; equine dermal papilla ALTHOUGH skin lesions and dermatological disorders frequently occur in horses, there are surprisingly few studies addressing the use of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering in this field and for this species (1). In contrast, skin stem cells for applications in human medicine are intensely studied, also using a variety of laboratory animal models. For equine patients, subsequent to the first report on equine multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) treatment (2), basic research and translation to clinical application of MSC-based therapies predominantly target equine musculoskeletal diseases (3).The hair follicle, its stem cell niches in particular, receives specific attention as a self-renewing mini organ model for studying dermo-epidermal interactions. On the epidermal side of the hair follicle, studies mostly concentrate on cells from the bulge region which is part of the non-cycling, permanent portion (4). The dermal compartments of the hair follicle home intermingling populations of undifferentiated cells, connecting the dermal papilla (DP), and the dermal sheath (DS). Being part of the cycling portion of the hair follicle, both DP and DS undergo continuous chang...

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“…The interfollicular epidermis reservoir is located in the upper part (the bulge) of the outer root sheath of the hair follicle [37] (see Figure 1). Basal keratinocytes from domestic mammals (dog [38,39], cat [40], horse [41,42], sheep [43,44], rabbit [45], and chicken [46]) have also been isolated and propagated in culture. Chicken basal keratinocytes express p63, a keratinocyte stem cell marker found in mammals [46].…”

Section: Skin Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D skin models in domestic animals

Souci

Denesvre

2021

Vet Res

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The skin is a passive and active barrier which protects the body from the environment. Its health is essential for the accomplishment of this role. Since several decades, the skin has aroused a strong interest in various fields (for e.g. cell biology, medicine, toxicology, cosmetology, and pharmacology). In contrast to other organs, 3D models were mostly and directly elaborated in humans due to its architectural simplicity and easy accessibility. The development of these models benefited from the societal pressure to reduce animal experiments. In this review, we first describe human and mouse skin structure and the major differences with other mammals and birds. Next, we describe the different 3D human skin models and their main applications. Finally, we review the available models for domestic animals and discuss the current and potential applications.

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Development and characterization of an equine skin‐equivalent model

Abstract: This study reports, for the first time, the development of an in vitro equine skin-equivalent model that resembles equine skin morphologically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally.

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Expression and localization of epithelial stem cell and differentiation markers in equine skin, eye and hoof

Expression and localization of epithelial stem cell and differentiation markers in equine skin, eye and hoof

Horse hair follicles: A novel dermal stem cell source for equine regenerative medicine

3D skin models in domestic animals

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