Development and characterization of polyurethane foams with substitution of polyether polyol with soy-based polyol

Dhaliwal, Gurjot S.; Anandan, Sudharshan; Chandrashekhara, K.; Lees, John S.; Nam, Paul Ki-souk

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.08.001

Cited by 45 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Determination of the relationship between shear stress and shear rate provides information on the nature of the liquid. If a given fluid shows linear dependence, it exhibits Newtonian fluid characteristics, and if it is nonlinear, non-Newtonian fluid features (Deshpande et al 2010). Figure 6 shows the flow curves for obtained biopolyols.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the consumption of fossil fuels and the rise of environmental pollution, many scientists are directing their research towards ''green'' plastics (Stevens 2003). One of the most important renewable resources used in the plastics industry is biomass from wood (Zimmermann et al 2014;Bi et al 2018;Guo et al 2018) and crop plants (Karimia et al 2017;Hejna et al 2018a, b;Hemamalini and Dev 2018): corn (Nouraddini et al 2018), soy (Dhaliwala et al 2018, potatoes (Bergel et al 2018), cassava (Luchese et al 2017) and other edible plants (Ubeyitogullari and Ciftci 2016;Halal et al 2015). Due to the controversial use of food resources, there is a need to find sustainable non-food renewable sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

et al. 2019

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In this work, liquefied biomass from the Baltic Sea was used for the preparation of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams. The biomass contained 10 wt% of Enteromorpha macroalgae and 90 wt% of Zostera marina seagrass characterized by a high content of cellulose. The influence of time, temperature and the type of solvent on the efficiency of the liquefaction process and properties of biopolyols was determined. Obtained materials were analyzed in terms of chemical structure, rheological properties, thermal stability and basic physical and mechanical properties. It was found that optimal parameters for liquefaction of used biomass were: temperature of 150°C, reaction time of 6 h and a solvent mixture containing glycerol and poly(ethylene glycol) in ratio of 50:50 (biopolyol 50G50P_150). Under these conditions, 78 wt% of biomass was liquefied and resulting biopolyol was characterized by a hydroxyl number of 650 mg KOH/g. Depending on the used solvent mixture and the liquefaction temperature, biopolyols showed the character of Newtonian or non-Newtonian liquids. Rigid PUR foams were obtained by substitution of petrochemical polyol with 10, 20 and 30 wt% of biopolyol. It was found that the addition of biopolyol to foams' formulations did not cause significant changes in their chemical structure, while mechanical strength and thermal stability were enhanced. The presented study confirms that biomass from the Baltic Sea can be used for the synthesis of biopolyols and rigid polyurethane foams.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

et al. 2019

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“…It was noted that the soy-based polyol was a valuable raw material. It enabled the production of PU foams with apparent density and thermal insulation properties comparable to the control sample and much better dimensional stability [14]. They also tested polyurethane foam containing a soybean oil-based polyol for insulation and structural applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable, Flame-Retardant, and Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane/Polyisocyanurate Foams for Thermal Insulation Application

et al. 2019

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This article raised the issue of studies on the use of new bio-polyol based on white mustard seed oil and 2,2’-thiodiethanol (3-thiapentane-1,5-diol) for the synthesis of rigid polyurethane/polyisocyanurate (RPU/PIR) foams. For this purpose, new formulations of polyurethane materials were prepared. Formulations contained bio-polyol content from 0 to 0.4 chemical equivalents of hydroxyl groups. An industrial flame retardant, tri(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) phosphate (Antiblaze TCMP), was added to half of the formulations. Basic foaming process parameters and functional properties, such as apparent density, compressive strength, brittleness, absorbability and water absorption, aging resistance, thermal conductivity coefficient λ, structure of materials, and flammability were examined. The susceptibility of the foams to biodegradation in soil was also examined. The increase in the bio-polyol content caused a slight increase in processing times. Also, it was noted that the use of bio-polyol had a positive effect on the functional properties of obtained RPU/PIR foams. Foams modified by bio-polyol based on mustard seed oil showed lower apparent density, brittleness, compressive strength, and absorbability and water absorption, as well as thermal conductivity, compared to the reference (unmodified) foams. Furthermore, the obtained materials were more resistant to aging and more susceptible to biodegradation.

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“…Polyether polyols are the most common polyols used to produce various industrial products such as polyurethane (PU) foams. 1,2 The two major types of polyether polyols are formed upon the epoxy ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) to yield poly(ethylene oxide) (or poly(ethylene glycol), PEO or PEG) and poly(propylene oxide) (or poly(propylene glycol), PPO or PPG). 3 Depending on the molecular weight of the resulting polyether polyol and the nature of its end-groups dictated by the nature of the initiator, the final properties of the materials may vary greatly (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An arsenal of tools based on Kendrick mass defects to process congested electrospray ionization high‐resolution mass spectra of polymers with multiple charging

Ishitsuka¹,

Kakiuchi²,

Sato

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale Electrospray ionization (ESI) favors the multiple charging of high molecular weight polymer samples and allows their high‐resolution mass analysis in the low‐mass range. It also induces the detection of numerous ion series at different charge states with different adducts complicating the interpretation of the mass spectrum which should be facilitated by an appropriate data processing. Methods An arsenal of tools based on the Kendrick mass defect (KMD) is proposed to process congested ESI high‐resolution mass spectra of poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) samples. The combination of regular, charge‐dependent, and resolution‐enhanced KMD plots in addition to a “remainders” plot and a new three‐dimensional plot offers unrivaled capabilities of filtering for any minor series among thousands of points. The sequential data processing is conducted using Kendo, a spreadsheet developed in‐house for an advanced KMD analysis. Results The charge‐state distribution is easily evaluated by counting the parallel lines in a regular KMD plot. A charge‐dependent resolution‐enhanced KMD plot instantly reveals the variation of adducted ions at a given charge state, helping the user to choose the best analytical conditions. Ion series at different charge states from PPO oligomers carrying different end‐groups are also efficiently extracted using several combinations of KMD and remainders plots and assigned using a new simulator tool. Conclusions The innovative combination of existing and new KMD‐related plots, selection tools, and simulator all combined in a single spreadsheet dramatically facilitates the processing and interpretation of complex ESI mass spectral data. The presented tools may be extended to any other class of homo‐, co‐ and terpolymers.

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Development and characterization of polyurethane foams with substitution of polyether polyol with soy-based polyol

Cited by 45 publications

References 21 publications

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass

Biodegradable, Flame-Retardant, and Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane/Polyisocyanurate Foams for Thermal Insulation Application

An arsenal of tools based on Kendrick mass defects to process congested electrospray ionization high‐resolution mass spectra of polymers with multiple charging

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