Development and differentiation of pituitary cells

Dubois, Paul; El-Amraoui, Aziz; Héritier, Anne G.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0029(19971015)39:2<98::aid-jemt2>3.0.co;2-s

Cited by 35 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Note the scale in the graph of LH cell is much smaller than that used for the others duced by self mitosis at a certain period of their ontogenesis, the majority of the newly formed cells appear to be produced by the differentiation of undifferentiated cells or stem cells. Regarding the first appearance of each cell type, several transcription factors have been recently identified (Simmons et al 1990;Rhodes et al 1994;Dubois et al 1997;Osamura et al 1998), and their functions concerning the differentiation is now a major topic of this field. The following issues, however, remain largely unsolved: (1) It is unclear which factor(s) regulate the differentiation of each cell type from the presumed stem cells through the period following its first appearance to the adult.…”

Section: Perspectives For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferation and differentiation of rat anterior pituitary cells

Taniguchi

Yasutaka

Kominami

et al. 2002

Anatomy and Embryology

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Studies on the proliferation and differentiation of the cells in the rat anterior pituitary were reviewed. The mitotic rate of anterior pituitary is low in the control adult animal, but it increased by stimulation, such as by ablation of the target organ. A high mitotic rate was also reported during ontogenesis of the pituitary. Concomitant with this augmented mitosis, the number of those cells that are double-labeled with the marker of proliferation and the antibody to pituitary hormones increased as well. The percentage of these double-labeled cells in all the proliferating cells is less than 10%, suggesting that about 1/10 of the proliferating cells are involved in producing pituitary cells. This percentage for GH cells is 30-40% at most, suggesting very active production of them. The percentage of the double-labeled cell in all the hormone-producing cells is within 10% in all cell-types of the pituitary, including GH cells. When the proliferation is detected by a more sensitive method, this percentage increased to 20-40%, suggesting that the self-mitosis of the pituitary cells contributes considerably to their proliferation at a certain period during their ontogenesis.

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Section: Perspectives For the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferation and differentiation of rat anterior pituitary cells

Taniguchi

Yasutaka

Kominami

et al. 2002

Anatomy and Embryology

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“…The mechanism of shape regulation is unknown, although it is likely to involve dorsal -ventral signaling gradients, the expression of downstream transcription factors, and physical forces exerted by other structures in the embryo. The shape of the organ differs somewhat among vertebrates, although the shape is remarkably consistent among individuals of a single species (Dubois et al, 1997;Mikami, 1992;Sasaki et al, 2003;Sasaki and Nishioka, 1998). One of the earliest initiating events in pituitary development is the exclusion of sonic hedgehog (SHH) from the area of the oral placode destined to invaginate as Rathke's pouch (Treier et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WNT5A signaling affects pituitary gland shape

Kelly

Douglas

Potok

et al. 2004

Mechanisms of Development

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Wnt signaling is important in organogenesis, and aberrant signaling in mature cells is associated with tumorigenesis. Several members of the Wnt family of signaling molecules are expressed in the developing pituitary gland. Wnt5a is expressed in the neuroectoderm that induces pituitary gland development and has been proposed to influence pituitary cell specification. We discovered that mice deficient in Wnt5a display abnormal morphology in the dorsal part of the developing pituitary. The expression of downstream effectors of the canonical Wnt pathway is not altered, and expression of genes in other signaling pathways such as Shh, Fgf8, Fgf10 and Fgfr2b is intact. Prop1 and Hesx1 are also important for normal shape of the pituitary primordium, but their expression is unaltered in the Wnt5a mutants. Specification of the hormone-producing cell types of the mature anterior pituitary gland occurs appropriately. This study suggests that the primary role of Wnt5a in the developing pituitary gland is in establishment of the shape of the gland.

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“…POMC is processed into adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) by pro-convertase 1 (PC1) in anterior pituitary corticotrophs and into ␣-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (␣MSH) by PC2 in rodent intermediate lobe melanotrophs (Seidah et al 1999). Early development of the human pituitary is grossly similar to rodents, but the human intermediate lobe disappears at the 16 th week of gestation (Dubois et al 1997). Consequently, it does not appear that the pituitary is a major source of ␣MSH in humans.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human and mouseTPITgene mutations cause early onset pituitary ACTH deficiency

Pulichino¹,

Vallette-Kasic²,

Couture³

et al. 2003

Genes Dev.

203

132

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Tpit is a highly cell-restricted transcription factor that is required for expression of the pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene and for terminal differentiation of the pituitary corticotroph lineage. Its exclusive expression in pituitary POMC-expressing cells has suggested that its mutation may cause isolated deficiency of pituitary adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). We now show that Tpit-deficient mice constitute a model of isolated ACTH deficiency (IAD) that is very similar to human IAD patients carrying TPIT gene mutations. Through genetic analysis of a panel of IAD patients, we show that TPIT gene mutations are associated at high frequency with early onset IAD, but not with juvenile forms of this deficiency. We identified seven different TPIT mutations, including nonsense, missense, point deletion, and a genomic deletion. This work defines congenital early onset IAD as a relatively homogeneous clinical entity caused by recessive transmission of loss-of-function mutations in the TPIT gene.

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Development and differentiation of pituitary cells

Cited by 35 publications

References 88 publications

Proliferation and differentiation of rat anterior pituitary cells

Proliferation and differentiation of rat anterior pituitary cells

WNT5A signaling affects pituitary gland shape

Human and mouseTPITgene mutations cause early onset pituitary ACTH deficiency

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