Development and Evaluation of a Magnetic Immunochromatographic Test To Detect
            <i>Taenia solium</i>
            , Which Causes Taeniasis and Neurocysticercosis in Humans

Handali, Sukwan; Klarman, Molly; Gaspard, Amanda N.; Dong, Xiaoxiao; LaBorde, Ronald; Noh, John; Lee, Yeuk Mui; Rodríguez, Silvia; González, Armando E.; Garcı́a, Héctor H.; Gilman, Robert H.; Tsang, Victor C. W.; Wilkins, Patricia P.

doi:10.1128/cvi.00511-09

Cited by 62 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In conclusion, the recombinant EITB assay using recombinant-and synthetic-derived proteins based on the native LLGP antigens represents an improvement in laboratory diagnostics for NCC and other assay formats, such as MAPIA and immunochromatographic test (ICT), and might also be explored for clinical diagnosis (26,29). The dependence on cyst-derived antigens is eliminated, thereby lowering the cost and eliminating the lot-to-lot variability associated with native protein antigens.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study that evaluated the performance of several 8-kDa proteins in a multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA), sTSRS1 showed a sensitivity of 81% (26). Typically, members of the 8-kDa-protein family have been the least sensitive antigens when these peptides were compared to other LLGP-derived recombinant proteins, with sensitivities ranging from 77% in the MAPIA to 97% using an immunoblot test (25)(26)(27)(28)(29). It is unclear why the 8-kDa peptides performed differently in an earlier study using a similar immunoblot test (25).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recombinant Protein- and Synthetic Peptide-Based Immunoblot Test for Diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis

et al. 2014

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One of the most well-characterized tests for diagnosing neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) assay developed at the CDC, which uses lentil lectin-bound glycoproteins (LLGP) extracted from Taenia solium cysticerci. Although the test is very reliable, the purification process for the LLGP antigens has been difficult to transfer to other laboratories because of the need for expensive equipment and technical expertise. To develop a simpler assay, we previously purified and cloned the diagnostic glycoproteins in the LLGP fraction. In this study, we evaluated three representative recombinant or synthetic antigens from the LLGP fraction, individually and in different combinations, using an immunoblot assay (recombinant EITB). Using a panel of 249 confirmed NCC-positive and 401 negative blood serum samples, the sensitivity of the recombinant EITB assay was determined to be 99% and the specificity was 99% for diagnosing NCC. We also tested a panel of 239 confirmed NCC-positive serum samples in Lima, Peru, and found similar results. Overall, our data show that the performance characteristics of the recombinant EITB assay are comparable to those of the LLGP-EITB assay. This new recombinant-and synthetic antigen-based assay is sustainable and can be easily transferred to other laboratories in the United States and throughout the world.T he diagnosis of neurocysticercosis (NCC), a condition caused by the larvae Taenia solium, is reliably established using results from both imaging and serological tests. The guidelines proposed for making a diagnosis of presumptive NCC (1, 2) define cases as definitive, probable, or possible based on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, exposure risk, and serological results. These guidelines specifically define the lentil lectin-bound glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay (LLGP-EITB) as the serological reference standard for diagnosing NCC (3).The LLGP-EITB assay is an immunoblot method that detects antibodies to one or more of seven lentil lectin-bound glycoproteins, which are present in the soluble fraction of an extract of T. solium cysts. In patients with multiple enhancing intracranial lesions, the LLGP-EITB assay is 100% specific and 95% sensitive using blood serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (3-6). The original study that described and evaluated the LLGP-EITB assay was performed using serum samples from biopsy-proven cases of NCC, most with multiple lesions, as detected by skeletal radiographs, and reported a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 100% (3). Continued monitoring of the test performance compared with clinical findings using newer imaging techniques, such as CT and MRI, revealed that the sensitivity of the assay was lower, between 50 to 80%, in cases with a single lesion or calcified cysts (6-10). The specificity of the LLGP-EITB assay has been remarkable at essentially 100%, with only rare anecdotal reports of falsepositive results (11)(12)(13).Although the LLGP-...

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant Protein- and Synthetic Peptide-Based Immunoblot Test for Diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis

et al. 2014

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“…The device has received a lot of attention since the advent, and a large number of applications based on the detection of the detection system has been published in vitro. Because the method is different from the traditional method based on the color depth discrimination that is easy to be interfered by other colored material in the sample and the sensitivity is high [30][31][32][33][34]39].…”

Section: Research On the Detection Systemmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Application of Lateral Flow Immunoassay in Point of Care Testing: A Review

Wang¹,

Qin²,

Hou³

et al. 2016

Nano BioMed ENG

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Point-of-care testing (POCT) is essential for providing a rapid diagnostic result in a prompt onsite diagnosis and treatment. A quick analysis time and a high sensitivity, with a sample-to-answer format, are the most important features for current POCT diagnostic systems. This review covers recent advances in POCT technologies with an emphasis on demonstrated and commercially available POCT diagnostic systems with laboratory quality using lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). The system includes the integration of nanoparticles (NPs) in lateral flow test strips (LFTSs) and the mechanism through which particles improve the analytical performance of the fabricated strips. Several examples of NP-based LFTSs were selected to illustrate novel concepts or devices with promising applications as screening tools and superior alternatives to existing conventional strategies in clinical analysis, food safety, and environmental monitoring. In each analyte category, detection methods, configuration of LFIA modules, and advantages of POCT systems are reviewed and discussed along with future prospects. This review also discusses novel signal-enhancement strategies, optimal reader systems, and multiplex design prototypes, which have been employed for highly sensitive multiplex assay of LFTSs.

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“…Wilkins et al Handali et al [63], described a rapid test method using recombinant proteins for the immunodetection of taeniasis, which could be affordable, reliable, rapid and easy to perform.…”

Section: Serological Diagnostic Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Parasitological, Immunological, and Molecular Diagnosis of Human Taeniasis with Special Emphasis on Taenia solium Taeniasis

Mwape

Gabriël

2014

Curr Trop Med Rep

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Human neurocysticercosis, caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Taenia solium, is an important neurological disorder reported as a major cause of epilepsy. An important risk factor for neurocysticercosis is the presence of human T. solium carriers who, upon open defecation, disseminate tapeworm eggs, which are infective to both humans and pigs. In the latter, infection also results in cysticercosis, with associated health and economic consequences. Control of T. solium therefore, depends greatly on the accurate detection and treatment of carriers. However, the current available direct diagnostic tests depend on the detection, in feces, of either parasite stages or parasite antigens and genetic material. The former are low cost but lack adequate sensitivity and specificity; the latter too expensive to be routinely utilized in endemic communities. Indirect tests based on antibody detection may only show exposure and not active 2 infection. An ideal diagnostic test should be one that is low-cost and is able to quickly and reliably detect tapeworm carriers so appropriate treatment can be prescribed in order to eliminate the source of infection. Such a test remains elusive. Efforts should, therefore, be directed at the formulation of a test that is not only sensitive and specific but also affordable for use in endemic countries.

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Development and Evaluation of a Magnetic Immunochromatographic Test To Detect Taenia solium , Which Causes Taeniasis and Neurocysticercosis in Humans

Cited by 62 publications

References 21 publications

Recombinant Protein- and Synthetic Peptide-Based Immunoblot Test for Diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis

Recombinant Protein- and Synthetic Peptide-Based Immunoblot Test for Diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis

The Application of Lateral Flow Immunoassay in Point of Care Testing: A Review

The Parasitological, Immunological, and Molecular Diagnosis of Human Taeniasis with Special Emphasis on Taenia solium Taeniasis

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