Development and Feasibility Test of a Mouth Contactless Breathing Exercise Solution Using Virtual Reality: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop a novel mouth contactless breathing exercise solution based on virtual reality (VR), and to test its feasibility. Methods: We developed the Virtual Reality-based Breathing Exercise System (VR-BRES), a self-regulating biofeedback breathing exercise with gaming characteristics and a soft stretch sensor. The feasibility and efficacy of the VR-BRES prototype were investigated through a randomized crossover trial. Fifty healthy adults participated in the trial, and their respiratory parameters and user evaluation of the VR-BRES were compared with conventional deep breathing (CDB) exercises. Results: The respiratory parameters, forced vital capacity (Z ¼ 4.82, 4.95, p < .001), forced expiratory volume in one second (t ¼ 6.02, 6.26, p < .001), and peak expiratory flow (t ¼ 5.35, 5.68, p < .001) were significantly higher during breathing exercises using the VR-BRES. User evaluation was also significantly higher for the VR-BRES in terms of efficiency (Z ¼ 3.86, p < .001), entertainingness (Z ¼ 5.00, p < .001), and intention to use (Z ¼ 3.22, p ¼ .001) compared to CDB. However, there was no difference in convenience between the two methods (Z ¼ À0.90, p ¼ .369). Conclusion:The VR-BRES has the potential to be an efficient breathing exercise solution. We recommend a clinical study that evaluates the effects of the VR-BRES for a certain period of time for people who need breathing exercises.

Advocating for Action: Exploring the Potential of Virtual Reality in Breathing Exercise – A Review of The Clinical Applications

“…This finding aligns with assertions made by other scholars, as its distinctiveness correlates to the visualization of respiratory signals that offers respiratory feedback. This was also emphasized by Kang et al VR-based breathing exercise system, 39 which provides biofeedback through breathing signal visualization, such as the avatar rabbit jump. The importance of this biofeedback was also underscored in a prior study, which demonstrated that women with limited thoracic movement experienced notable changes in respiratory parameters when incorporating visual feedback of diaphragmatic motion through ultrasound imaging into their VR breathing exercise regimen.…”

“…All of the evaluated research consistently placed focus on these features. One of the studies, 39 compared the efficacy and usefulness of a VR breathing exercise system to conventional deep breathing exercises. The findings of their trial indicated that although individual variations in breathing function exist, the use of a VR-based exercise system resulted in a noteworthy enhancement of breathing parameters.…”

“…The study conducted by Kang et al 39 in 2020 is the initial study included in the analysis, achieving a quality assessment score of 80%. The research utilized virtual reality technology to create an innovative breathing exercise solution that does not require contact with the mouth.…”

Systematic Bibliometric Analysis of Research Hotspots and Trends on the Application of Virtual Reality in Nursing

“…This can benefit new nursing interns who may be afraid of occupational exposure events during practice-based learning. During clinical application, a VR system not only brings convenience to staff, but also actively and effectively interferes with patients' physical and mental health ( 27 , 28 ).…”

Outreach Program, Virtual Reality, dan Berpikir Hipotetikal Deduktif

“…Penggunaan VR dan teknologi terkait telah berkembang dalam beberapa tahun terakhir karena manfaat sesuatu yang tidak diperoleh pada pendidikan klasik [10]. VR telah memberikan kontribusi penting bagi pendidikan karena memungkinkan peserta didik untuk memiliki pengalaman langsung terlibat dalam lingkungan atau situasi yang sulit untuk ditiru dalam pengajaran tradisional seperti ceramah, slideshows, atau video 2D [29] [31]. Selain itu, VR dapat menjadi alat belajar mandiri yang efektif dan memungkinkan guru memantau dan membimbing proses belajar siswa [10] [32].…”