Development and treatment of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Mawhinney, W. M.; Adair, Colin G.; Gorman, S. P.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1991.tb00519.x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…Infections often occur and peritonitis remains the predominant complication in CAPD [1]. Coagulase-negative staphylococci are most frequently encountered although Staphylococcus aureus may also present problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and nature of peritoneal catheter biofilm determined by electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy

1994

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SUMMARYThirty-two Tenckhoff catheters retrieved from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with a history of peritonitis were examined for microbial biofilm. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was successfully employed to visualize bacteria in biofilm occluded from view by scanning electron microscopy. Occluded but viable microbial biofilm was associated with 17 (81%) catheters from patients free from infection following renal transplant. Mixed isolate biofilm with two or more isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci orStaphylococcus aureuswas found on 41% of these catheters. Clearly visible viable biofilm consisting exclusively ofPseudomonas aeruginosaoccurred on all four catheters removed due to recurrent peritonitis. Five (71%) catheters retrieved from patients transferred to haemodialysis had viable biofilm. Antibiotic sensitivities of the biofilm isolates were similar in profile to those reported for non-biofilm isolates from infected dialysate. Persistence of catheter biofilm despite direct contact with therapeutic levels of antibiotics in peritoneal dialysate requires that attention be directed towards improving antibiotic efficacy against peritonitis-causing bacteria in biofilm form.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and nature of peritoneal catheter biofilm determined by electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy

1994

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Comparison of a Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay of Netilmicin in Plasma, Peritoneal Dialysate, and Urine with a High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method

Forest¹,

Mailhot²,

Cartier³

et al. 1997

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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Clinical Pharmacy Care in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Bailie

1993

Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) continues to grow as a treatment modality for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The high cost of care, multiplicity of drugs used by each patient, high cost of individual drugs, and high incidence of complications, make this patient population a challenging area for clinical pharmacy input. This article discusses the mechanics of CAPD, together with patient selection criteria, monitoring of the dialysis prescription, and infectious complications. The potential for research involving clinical pharmacists is discussed. Apart from studies on the pharmacokinetic disposition of drugs administered to CAPD patients, there remains a relative lack of information on many aspects of drug therapy. Recommendations for areas of continued study include the optimization of antibiotic therapy for peritonitis and exit-site infections, use of the intraperitoneal route for systemic effects of drugs, quality-of-life investigations, and stability studies of drugs in dialysate.

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Development and treatment of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Abstract: The main complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is peritonitis. This paper reviews its causes and treatment.

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Incidence and nature of peritoneal catheter biofilm determined by electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy

Incidence and nature of peritoneal catheter biofilm determined by electron and confocal laser scanning microscopy

Comparison of a Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay of Netilmicin in Plasma, Peritoneal Dialysate, and Urine with a High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method

Clinical Pharmacy Care in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

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