Development and use of geopolymers for energy conversion: An overview

Díaz, Eric Enrique Sánchez; Escobar-Barrios, Vladimir Alonso

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125774

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Apart from optimizing the mix design to provide a sealant with low permeability to corrosive agents, there are several palliative methods for corrosion protection. These methods include the use of inhibitors, protective coatings, cathodic protection, as well as the use of stainless steel or galvanized reinforcement. ,, …”

Section: Factors Affecting the Properties Of Gpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods include the use of inhibitors, protective coatings, cathodic protection, as well as the use of stainless steel or galvanized reinforcement. 79,276,277 Utilizing stainless steels, which possess high corrosion resistance but at increased cost, and employing cathodic protection have been demonstrated to be the most effective methods for ensuring the durability of both the steel and the isolation system in aggressive environments. Galvanization of steel provides a cheaper alternative, with positive impacts on corrosion protection when compared to other preventative techniques, though the passivating layer formed during galvanization is more sensitive to environmental pH (and benefits from the presence of Ca 2+ ).…”

Section: Main Mechanisms Of Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…79,280,281 Finally, the addition of fiber reinforcement is another viable approach to enhance the durability of cementitious systems against chemical attack, particularly after (micro)cracking, as such fibers may stitch microcracks together, minimizing the volume of continuous voids and thus leading to a reduced loss of seal integrity when cracking does occur. 33,54,56,272,276,277 In addition to their promising features as the main isolation materials, GPs have also demonstrated desirable characteristics when they are used as coating materials to protect OPC against corrosion. For instance, Zhang et al 264 studied the coating potential of a GP system (synthesized from 90 wt % metakaolin and 10 wt % GGBFS) and reported that the compact interface between the GP and cement, resulting from a significantly smaller pore size of GPs (94% pores < 20 nm) compared to OPC (73.7% pores > 50 nm), hindered the penetration of chloride.…”

Section: Main Mechanisms Of Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods include the use of inhibitors, protective coatings, cathodic protection, as well as the use of stainless steel or galvanized reinforcement. 79 , 276 , 277 …”

Section: Factors Affecting the Properties Of Gpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

et al. 2023

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Wellbores used in underground production and storage activities, including carbon capture and storage (CCS), are typically sealed using sealants based on Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). However, leakage along these seals or through them during CCS operations can pose a significant threat to long-term storage integrity. In this review paper, we explore the potential of geopolymer (GP) systems as alternative sealants in wells exposed to CO 2 during CCS. First, we discuss how key parameters control the mechanical properties, permeability, and chemical durability of GPs based on different starting materials as well as their optimum values. These parameters include the chemical and mineralogical composition, particle size, and particle shape of the precursor materials; the composition of the hardener; the chemistry of the full system (particularly the Si/Al, Si/(Na+K), Si/Ca, Si/Mg, and Si/Fe ratios); the water content of the mix; and the conditions under which curing occurs. Next, we review existing knowledge on the use of GPs as wellbore sealants to identify key knowledge gaps and challenges and the research needed to address these challenges. Our review shows the great potential of GPs as alternative wellbore sealant materials in CCS (as well as other applications) due to their high corrosion durability, low matrix permeability, and good mechanical properties. However, important challenges are identified that require further research, such as mix optimization, taking into account curing and exposure conditions and available starting materials; the development of optimalization workflows, along with building larger data sets on how the identified parameters affect GP properties, can streamline this optimization for future applications.

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Section: Factors Affecting the Properties Of Gpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Mechanisms Of Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Mechanisms Of Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods include the use of inhibitors, protective coatings, cathodic protection, as well as the use of stainless steel or galvanized reinforcement. 79 , 276 , 277 …”

Section: Factors Affecting the Properties Of Gpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

et al. 2023

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“…Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) serves to react with the elements Al and Si contained in fly ash so that it can produce strong polymer bonds. In contrast, Sodium silicate (NaSiO3) accelerates the polymerization reaction [21]. Likewise, testing of coarse aggregate will later be needed for the mix design.…”

Section: Alkaline Activatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Compressive Strength and Porosity of Normal Concrete Using Fly Ash and Alkaline Activators

Kartini

Astawa

Santosa

2022

UKaRsT

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The use of cement in the concrete mix is the most expensive material. In the cement production process, there is CO2 emission into the air, which causes the greenhouse effect and global warming. So we need other materials as an alternative to reduce the use of cement by using by-products such as fly ash which is categorized as a Pozzolan material. In this study, fly ash was used with variations of 0%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, water-cement ratio 0.4. Because fly ash does not have the same binding ability as cement, alkaline activators are needed, namely Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3) and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) , with molarities of 6M and 8M. To determine the compressive strength of concrete, a compressive test was carried out at the age of 7 days and 28 days and a porosity test at the age of 28 days. The maximum compressive strength of concrete with fly ash content of 90% with a molarity of 6M and 8M. The age compressive strength has the same value. At the age of 7 days is 14.43 MPa. At the age of 28 days, it is 18.39 MPa. The greater the use of fly ash and molarity in concrete, the fewer pores in the concrete because the mixture is more concentrated and round, and the small particle size of fly ash can fill voids in the concrete.

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Unveiling the Remarkable Potential of Geopolymer‐Based Materials by Harnessing Manganese Dioxide Incorporation

Cai,

Yuan,

et al. 2023

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Thermoelectric (TE) building materials have the potential to revolutionize sustainable architecture by converting temperature differences into electrical energy. This study introduces geopolymeric TE materials enhanced with manganese dioxide (MnO2) as a modifying agent. Calorimetric experiments examine the impact of MnO2 on geopolymerization. Mechanical tests show that adding MnO2 (up to 5% by weight) improves the geopolymer composite's strength, achieving a peak compressive strength of 36.8 MPa. The Seebeck effect of the MnO2‐modified geopolymeric composite is also studied. The inclusion of MnO2 boosts the Seebeck coefficient of the geopolymer, reaching a notable 4273 µV C−1 at a 5% MnO2 dosage. This enhancement is attributed to an increase in the density of states (DOS) and a reduction in relaxation time. However, excessive MnO2 or high alkali levels may adversely affect the Seebeck coefficient by lengthening the relaxation time.

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Development and use of geopolymers for energy conversion: An overview

Cited by 27 publications

References 90 publications

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

Optimization of Compressive Strength and Porosity of Normal Concrete Using Fly Ash and Alkaline Activators

Unveiling the Remarkable Potential of Geopolymer‐Based Materials by Harnessing Manganese Dioxide Incorporation

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Development and use of geopolymers for energy conversion: An overview

Cited by 27 publications

References 90 publications

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO2 Exposure and Perspectives

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO2 Exposure and Perspectives

Optimization of Compressive Strength and Porosity of Normal Concrete Using Fly Ash and Alkaline Activators

Unveiling the Remarkable Potential of Geopolymer‐Based Materials by Harnessing Manganese Dioxide Incorporation

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Product

Resources

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Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives

Review on Geopolymers as Wellbore Sealants: State of the Art Optimization for CO₂ Exposure and Perspectives