Development and validation of a professionalism assessment scale for medical students

Abstract

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a scale for the assess-ment of professionalism in medical students based on students' perceptions of and attitudes towards professional-ism in medicine.MethodsThis was a mixed methods study with under-graduate medical students. Two focus groups were carried out with 12 students, followed by a transcript analysis (grounded theory method with open coding). Then, a 3-round Delphi with 20 family medicine experts was carried out. A psychometric assessment of the scale was performed with a group of 449 students. The items of the Professional-ism Assessment Scale could be answered on a five-point Likert scale.ResultsAfter the focus groups, the first version of the PAS consisted of 56 items and after the Delphi study, 30 items remained. The final sample for quantitative study consisted of 122 students (27.2% response rate). There were 95 (77.9%) female students in the sample. The mean age of the sample was 22.1 ± 2.1 years. After the principal component analysis, we removed 8 items and produced the final version of the PAS (22 items). The Cronbach's alpha of the scale was 0.88. Factor analysis revealed three factors: empathy and humanism, professional relationships and development and responsibility.ConclusionsThe new Professionalism Assessment Scale proved to be valid and reliable. It can be used for the assessment of professionalism in undergraduate medical students.

Assessing Competences in Medical Students with a Newly Designed 360- Degree Examination of a Simulated First Day of Residency: A Feasibility Study

“…Four different aspects of empathy were measured using the IRI (Interpersonal Reactivity Index, modified according to Davis [19]: social functioning, self-esteem, emotionality, and sensitivity to others. Medical attitudes were assessed with the MAQ, a Medical Attitude Questionnaire developed according to the professionalism assessment scale (PAS) by Klemenc-Ketis and Vrecko [20]. Every time, when participants entered a new stage of the assessment, they filled out a Strain Perception Questionnaire (STRAIPER) modified according to Müller and Basler [21]: at the beginning of the consultation hour, at the beginning of the patient management phase, at the beginning of the handover and after the handover.…”

Profesyonelleşmenin İletişim Becerileri Üzerine Etkisi: Beş Yıldızlı Otel İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma

“…Uygulamalı ve betimsel nitelikteki bu araştırma ile değişkenler arası ilişki incelenmiş olup ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde profesyonelleşme ve iletişim becerileri ilişkisini irdeleyen çalışma sayısı çok sınırlıdır. Yabancı literatürde yapılan inceleme sonucunda; profesyonellik (Hall, 1968;Larson, 1979;Evetts, 2014), iletişim becerileri (Jacobson, 2009), tıpta profesyonellik (Toren, 1976;Rhodes, 1985;Klemenc-Ketis ve Vrecko, 2014), öğretmenlerde profesyonellik (Holliman, 2012), turizm sektöründe profesyonellik (Sheldon, 1989;Ap ve Wong, 2001;Hussey vd., 2011;Cockburn-Wootten, 2012;Jamnia, 2012;Cousquer ve Beames, 2013;Kaufman ve Ricci, 2014;Thomas ve Thomas, 2014;Cheng ve Wong, 2015;Alani vd., 2017), turizm sektöründe iletişim becerileri (Mihut, 2010;Hosseyni, 2012;Alshatnawi, 2014) konularını odağa alan çalışmalar olduğu görülmüştür. Öte yandan, profesyonellik ve iletişim becerileri ilişkisini, kavramsal olarak (Atre vd., 2013) ve tıpta (Meng vd., 2009;Pandya, 2011;Shahini vd., 2012;Abadel ve Hattab, 2014;Fontes vd., 2014;Mitchell vd., 2017) ele alan az sayıda çalışma ile birlikte, turizm sektöründe sadece Blue ve Harun (2003)'un çalışmasına rastlanmıştır.…”

Developing a measure for health professionals’ attitudes toward veterans

“…[21,33] The process of this Delphi survey was modeled after the methods used by Klemenc-Ketis & Vrecko [33] and conducted via online surveys. Procedures were approved by the university's institutional review board.…”