Development and Validation of a Cervical Cancer Screening Self-Efficacy Scale for Low-Income Mexican American Women

Abstract

Although self-efficacy, a construct from social cognitive theory, has been shown to influence other screening behaviors, few measures currently exist for measuring Papanicolaou test self-efficacy. This article describes the development and psychometric testing of such a measure for Mexican American women. Data from two separate samples of Mexican American women ages z50 years, obtained as part of a study to develop and evaluate a breast and cervical cancer screening educational program, were used in the current study. Exploratory factor analysis indicated a single-factor solution and all item loadings were >0.73. Confirmatory analysis confirmed a single-factor structure with all standardized loadings >0.40 as hypothesized. The eightitem self-efficacy scale showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's a = 0.95). As hypothesized, self-efficacy was correlated with knowledge, prior experience, and screening intention. Logistic regression supported the theoretical relationship that women with higher self-efficacy were more likely to have had a recent Papanicolaou test. Findings showed a significant increase in self-efficacy following the intervention, indicating that the measure has good sensitivity to change over time. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(3):866 -75)

mHealth Pilot Study: Text Messaging Intervention to Promote HPV Vaccination

“…For measuring self-efficacy for cervical cancer prevention and screening, we used the 8-item scale of Fernández and colleagues. 52 Sociocultural and personal barriers to cervical cancer prevention and screening were measured using the scale developed by Betancourt and colleagues. 53 Finally, intent to receive the HPV vaccine was measured according to the trans-theoretical model (ie, stages of change consisting of pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation for action, action, and maintenance).…”

Predictors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Initiation and Completion Among Latino Mothers of 11- to 17-Year-Old Daughters Living Along the Texas-Mexico Border

“…57 The 7 items adapted included “How sure are you that you can schedule an appointment to get the HPV vaccine for your daughter?” and “How sure are you that you can ask your daughter’s doctor for the HPV vaccine?” Appendix 1 lists all questions for this measure. Response options ranged from “not sure at all” to “completely sure.” The internal consistency of the data was 0.92 with current data.…”

Salud es Vida: a Cervical Cancer Screening Intervention for Rural Latina Immigrant Women

“…There were also questions about cervical cancer fatalism, beliefs, social support, and sources of information scored on a 5-point Likert-type scale from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree” that were measured at baseline only [6]. There was a 10-item cervical cancer self-efficacy scale scored on a 5-item Likert-type scale (α = 0.88) ranging from “very unsure” to “very sure” that were measured at baseline and follow-up [12]. Participants were contacted again after 3 months to administer the follow-up survey with a target of completing the follow-up by 6 months.…”