Objectives
Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are often used to diagnose LPR and monitor treatment outcomes in clinical and research settings. The present systematic review was designed to identify currently available LPR-related PRO measures and to evaluate each measure’s instrument development, validation, and applicability.
Data Sources
MEDLINE via PubMed interface, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Health and Psychosocial Instrument databases were searched using relevant vocabulary and key terms related to PRO measures and LPR.
Review Methods
Three investigators independently performed abstract review, full-text review, and applied a previously developed checklist to critically assess measurement properties of each study meeting inclusion criteria.
Results
Of 4,947 studies reviewed, seven LPR-related PRO measures (publication year 1991 – 2010) met criteria for extraction and analysis. Two focused on globus and throat symptoms. Remaining measures were designed to assess LPR symptoms and monitor treatment outcomes in patients. None met all checklist criteria. Only 2/7 used patient input to devise item content and 2/7 assessed responsiveness to change. Thematic deficiencies in current LPR-related measures are inadequately demonstrated: content validity, construct validity, plan for interpretation, and literacy level assessment.
Conclusion
Laryngopharyngeal reflux is often diagnosed based on symptoms. Currently available LPR-related PRO measures used to symptomatically identify suspected LPR patients have disparate developmental rigor and important methodological deficiencies. Care should be exercised to understand the measurement characteristics and contextual relevance before applying these PRO measures for clinical, research, or quality initiatives.