Development and validation of a gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantitation of several antipsychotics in human plasma and oral fluid

Rosado, Tiago; Oppolzer, David; Cruz, Belinda; Barroso, Mário; Varela, Samira; Oliveira, Victor Afonso Pereira de; Leitão, C. Nobre; Gallardo, Eugénia

doi:10.1002/rcm.8087

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Many ions are produced that are diagnostic of particular structures; some of which are summarised in Table (below). The derivatives have been in use for over fifty years and current research (Abushareeda et al, ; Rosado et al, ) (both papers from the same edition of Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry ), (Thi et al, ) shows no signs that they are losing popularity. Consequently, their use is expected to continue for many years into the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation of Trimethylsilyl and Related Alkylsilyl Derivatives

Harvey

Vouros

2019

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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This review describes the mass spectral fragmentation of trimethylsilyl (TMS) and related alkylsilyl derivatives used for preparing samples for analysis, mainly by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The review is divided into three sections. The first section is concerned with the TMS derivatives themselves and describes fragmentation of derivatized alcohols, thiols, amines, ketones, carboxylic acids and bifunctional compounds such as hydroxy‐ and amino‐acids, halo acids and hydroxy ethers. More complex compounds such as glycerides, sphingolipids, carbohydrates, organic phosphates, phosphonates, steroids, vitamin D, cannabinoids, and prostaglandins are discussed next. The second section describes intermolecular reactions of siliconium ions such as the TMS cation and the third section discusses other alkylsilyl derivatives. Among these latter compounds are di‐ and trialkyl‐silyl derivatives, various substituted‐alkyldimethylsilyl derivatives such as the tert‐butyldimethylsilyl ethers, cyclic silyl derivatives, alkoxysilyl derivatives, and 3‐pyridylmethyldimethylsilyl esters used for double bond location in fatty acid spectra. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 0000:1–107, 2019

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation of Trimethylsilyl and Related Alkylsilyl Derivatives

Harvey

Vouros

2019

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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“…In the literature, for the determination of olanzapine in biological samples and tablets, different techniques have been reported such as the optimized UPLC-MS/MS method (Du et al, 2019), the gas chromatography / tandem mass spectrometry method (Rosado et al, 2018), the validated HPLC method (Karaca & Yeniceli, 2018), calorimetry (Adegoke et al, 2016), LC-MS/MS (Bonde et al, 2014), field-amplified sample injection coupled with the pseudo-isotachophoresis technique (Dziomba et al, 2014), GC-nitrogen phosphorus detection (Samanidou et al, 2013), HPLC-MS/MS coupled with column-switching technique (Zheng et al, 2012), UV spectrophotometry (Firdous et al, 2005), flow injection spectrophotometry (Jasinska & Nalewajko, 2004), tandem mass spectrometry (Berna et al, 2002), capillary zone electrophoresis (Pucci et al, 1999), and high performance liquid chromatography (Kasper et al, 1999). However, pre-treatment samples for these reported methods require a long time, and the equipment and reagents are expensive and thus are not useful for routine analysis.…”

Section: ___________________mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction Behavior of Olanzapine and Its Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination in Human Urine and Pharmaceuticals

Yağmur

2020

Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences

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The electrochemical reduction behavior of olanzapine was investigated by DPV (differential pulse voltammetry) and CV (cyclic voltammetry) techniques using a glassy carbon electrode. The measurements were carried out in different buffer solutions in a pH range from 0.50 to 12.05. The behavior of the peak potential and the peak current were examined by changing the pH, and a pH= 7.0 Britton-Robinson buffer solution was selected as the supporting electrolyte. To designate the electron and proton numbers that participated in the reaction, the changing peak potentials of olanzapine with increasing pH were investigated. The number of transferred electrons was found equal to the number of the hydrogen ions taking part in the electrode reaction. Equal electron and proton numbers were also supported with suggested reduction mechanism. For DPV analysis, the linear calibration curve of olanzapine was plotted between concentrations 2x10 -5 M and 1x10 -4 M at the pH= 7.0 Britton-Robinson buffer solution. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 1.88x10 -6 M and 6.29x10 -6 M, respectively. Lastly, the developed technique was applied to spiked urine and pharmaceutical preparations for recovery studies of olanzapine. A reaction mechanism related to the reduction of olanzapine was also proposed with this study.

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“…However, these methods are not practical for clinical analysis. Because most APs are thermally unstable, GC–MS (Pujadas et al, 2007; Rosado et al, 2018) is used less frequently than HPLC. HPLC–UV (Cruz‐Vera, Lucena, Cardenas, & Valcarcel, 2009; Mandal & Ace, 1993; Pedernera, Ruiz, Castells, Manteca, & Cristofol, 2007; Saracino, Amore, Baioni, Petio, & Raggi, 2008; Tanaka et al, 2007) and HPLC–MS (Kirchherr & Kuhn‐Velten, 2006; Roman, Kronstrand, Lindstedt, & Josefsson, 2008) methods have been reported in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, validation, and application of a simple UPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of five traditional antipsychotics in human plasma

Fan

Cui

et al. 2021

Biomedical Chromatography

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A UPLC–MS/MS method was developed to determine the levels of five traditional antipsychotics (APs) (chlorprothixene, perphenazine, fluphenazine, thioridazine, and promethazine) in human plasma with carbamazepine as the internal standard. Samples were extracted using simple liquid–liquid extraction (ethyl acetate/methyl tert‐butyl ether, 2:3 v/v); then the analytes were subjected to gradient elution chromatography with a mobile phase composed of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile. The analytes were separated using a Waters XBridge BEH C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.5 μm). The linear ranges of chlorprothixene, perphenazine, fluphenazine, thioridazine, and promethazine are 2–250 ng/mL, r > 0.995. The limit of quantitation is 2 ng/mL, and the limit of detection is in the range of 0.1–0.5 ng/mL. The inter‐day and intra‐day relative standard deviations are less than 10%, and the relative errors are in the range of −5.70 to 7.20%. The recoveries of the five drugs are in the range of 70–109%. The results of methodology verification indicate that this method is simple, economical, sensitive, and suitable for the simultaneous quantification of five traditional APs in human plasma.

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Development and validation of a gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous quantitation of several antipsychotics in human plasma and oral fluid

Cited by 30 publications

References 68 publications

Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation of Trimethylsilyl and Related Alkylsilyl Derivatives

Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation of Trimethylsilyl and Related Alkylsilyl Derivatives

Reduction Behavior of Olanzapine and Its Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination in Human Urine and Pharmaceuticals

Development, validation, and application of a simple UPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of five traditional antipsychotics in human plasma

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