Development, Evaluation and Implementation of Sensor Techniques for Bridges Critical to the National Transportation System

Structural health monitoring of timber structures – Review of available methods and case studies

“…These sensors are also more resistant to harsh environments [143] and exhibit long term measurement stability [142] in timber-based elements. FBG sensors can be installed during production of the structural elements [144,142,145] or with the structural member already in place [146,141]. They have also been successfully used for static and dynamic tests, with sampling frequencies up to 100 Hz [141].…”

“…The use of Fibre Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensors in timber elements is still relatively new and their installation in timber elements is still being studied [146,142,145], especially regarding adhesive selection.…”

“…Most of the projects involving strain measurements were done in collaboration with the sensor manufacturers, due to the need of producing specific sensors for each application and the high cost of the data acquisition instrumentation. Deza [145] and Phares et al [147] report that FBG sensors were easily damaged when being integrated in glulam beams during production or afterwards, when handling the beams. The long-term behaviour of the FBG strain sensors installed in timber members subjected to fatigue loads, as in bridges, is still unknown.…”

Deterioration Prediction Modelling and Inspection Schedule Estimation for Concrete Bridge Decks

“…Concrete decks are among the most susceptible parts of bridges and their service lives are typically shorter than those of other components because they are exposed to deterioration produced by direct contact with traffic and other environmental factors such as freeze/thaw cycles or deicing materials in cold weather regions [2,3]. Basically, the resources needed for rehabilitation, replacement, and repair of concrete bridge decks are typically inadequate [1,4]. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), therefore, is continuously working to support scientific and technological research to achieve both short and long-term results for required enhancements [4].…”

“…Basically, the resources needed for rehabilitation, replacement, and repair of concrete bridge decks are typically inadequate [1,4]. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), therefore, is continuously working to support scientific and technological research to achieve both short and long-term results for required enhancements [4]. One of the significant issues that face transportation agencies is how to reduce the cost of bridge deck maintenance [5].…”