Development in Sustainable Concrete with the Replacement of Fume Dust and Slag from the Steel Industry

Abstract

Nowadays, the reuse of waste is a challenge that every country in the world is facing in order to preserve the planet and introduce a circular economy. The chemical composition of some steel waste suggests that there are potentially appropriate substances for reuse, since this type of slag undergoes a process similar to that of cement in its manufacture. The advantages for the environment are obvious, as it valorises waste that is deposited in landfills. This paper studies the field of stainless steel, because its composition is different from that of carbon steel, and the replacement of cement with material or waste produced in the manufacture of stainless steel in a concrete matrix. This paper presents the results of replacing 25% of cement with material or waste produced in the manufacture of stainless steel in a concrete matrix whose values in the substitutions carried out were around 21% and 25% in terms of increased resistance capacity. These results have been obtained by carrying out tests, in terms of both strength and environmental capacity, allowing us to determine viable applications for the use of steel waste to improve the performance of cement or at least match it.

Utilisation of Reused Steel and Slag: Analysing the Circular Economy Benefits through Three Case Studies

“…Moreover, the CE approach is gaining traction worldwide, with governments and organisations recognising the importance of resource conservation and environmental sustainability [60]. This growing awareness and commitment to sustainability will drive the adoption of steel reuse and other CE practices in road construction.…”

Experimental Study on Calcination of Portland Cement Clinker Using Different Contents of Stainless Steel Slag

“…M.E. Parron-Rubio [18] investigated the development of sustainable concrete using steel industry dust and slag as substitutes, finding that replacing 25% of cement with materials or waste generated from stainless steel manufacturing processes results in approximately 21% and 25% increases in resistance, indicating the feasibility of using steel industry waste to improve the performance of cement or at least match it. These studies indicate that the comprehensive utilization of stainless steel slag mainly focuses on building materials, preparation of microcrystalline glass, ceramic materials, etc.…”

The Effect of Electric Arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) on Improving Characteristics of Conventional Concrete

“…Today's industry produces large amounts of waste during the material conformation processes in both manufacturing processes and many sorts of production [1], this being a significant environmental challenge on a global scale [2][3][4]. Understanding the potential effects of waste, whether it is urban or industrial, will help environmental protection protocols.…”

“…Understanding the potential effects of waste, whether it is urban or industrial, will help environmental protection protocols. In turn, new material-recycling procedures add a fundamental economic and social dimension to the circular economy and environmental health that will enable us to optimally balance between sustainable development and the environmental interests of future generations [1,5]. It is widely accepted that most waste materials are inherently valuable, but it is crucial to fully understand how to best extract such value [6].…”

“…However, the additional treatment of the leftovers is challenging and has negative environmental effects [38]. There are now a number of research contributions published about the potential use of steel slags as an addition to or replacement for cement in concrete [1,39]. When compared to the reference concrete mixture, certain investigations have demonstrated that adding EAFD to concrete has improved mechanical properties and durability ability.…”