Development of a Backlight Imaging System to Investigate Liquid Breakup in Near-Field Swirl Atomizer

Pham, Phuong X.; Pham, Nam V. T.; Vu, L.; Nguyen, Kien T.; Pham, Thin V.; Nguyen, Vu; Luong, Thi D.; Nguyen, Manh Q.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-37497-6_30

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…The liquid jet is broken up and usually forms a cone-shaped spray at the nozzle exit and its viscosity and surface tension have significant effects on the primary as well as secondary breakup quality. 23,25 Studies of fuel atomization have been performed using (i) practical systems such as IC engines; 26 (ii) constant-volume chambers or open environment systems using practical injectors; 27,28 or (iii) shock tubes, cross-flow air streams, and drop towers. 29 Approach (i) can help to observe only the macroscopic information of the atomization in real systems, such as spray angle and penetration, while approach (ii) can give more additional information such as the Sauter mean diameter (SMD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesels Manufactured from Different Feedstock: From Fuel Properties to Fuel Atomization and Evaporation

et al. 2020

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Different from fossil diesel, biodiesels can be manufactured from different sources of biomass or animal fat. Each biodiesel manufactured from a certain feedstock consists of different fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). Its FAME types and fractions are unique and are solely controlled by the mother feedstock and not the manufacturing process. One key feature that makes biodiesels different from their fossil counterparts is the oxygen contained in biodiesels. The oxygen content, FAME types, and FAME fractions vary in a wide range among biodiesels made from different feedstock and this in turn affects the fuel properties and physical processes, including atomization and evaporation. An extensive analysis has been successfully carried out in this study to examine the role of oxygen content, carbon chain length, and unsaturation degree in different biodiesels and the influence of FAMEs on key fuel properties (heating value, cetane number, viscosity, and surface tension). Furthermore, some useful information related to (i) the morphology and density of fuel fragments derived close to the nozzle exit and (ii) drop evaporation is reported. The atomization characteristics are experimentally observed using a high-speed imaging technique developed earlier, while the evaporation study is theoretically conducted using the well-known D-square model. It shows that the oxygen in the biodiesel is directly linked to the carbon chain length and the number of double bonds in the fuel molecules as well as to the key fuel properties. The viscosity of biodiesels and their constituents has a certain impact on the morphology and population of fuel fragments derived in the breakup zone, while the thermal properties have a significant effect on biodiesel evaporation. The dependence of fuel properties on atomization at the downstream locations of the spray, where the breakup process has completed, is minimal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesels Manufactured from Different Feedstock: From Fuel Properties to Fuel Atomization and Evaporation

et al. 2020

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A Novel Experiment Approach for Measurement Breakup Length, Cone Angle, Sheet Velocity, and Film Thickness in Swirl Air-Blast Atomizers

Phung,

Pham,

X. Pham

2023

SAE Int. J. Engines

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<div>Measuring the dynamic parameters of liquid fragments generated in the near-field of atomizing sprays poses a significant challenge due to the random nature of the fragments, the instability of the spray, and the limitations of current measuring technology. Precise determination of these parameters can aid in improving the control of the atomization process, which is necessary for providing suitable spray structures with appropriate flow rates and droplet size distributions for various applications such as those used in heat engines. In piston and gas turbine engines, controlling spray characteristics such as penetration, cone angle, particle size, and droplet size distribution is crucial to improve combustion efficiency and decrease exhaust emissions. This can be accomplished by adjusting the structural and/or operating parameters of the fuel supply system. This article aims to measure the breakup length, spray cone angle, axial velocity, breakup time, and liquid sheet film thickness for a swirl air-blast atomizer used in a gas-steam engine. The measurement was conducted using a shadowgraph imaging system developed specifically for this study, consisting of a high-speed camera, a lens, and a light source. While lasers are commonly used as light sources in the literature, this study utilized a special LED high-speed pulse light generator, which is cheaper, easier to handle, and provides a more uniform background. Images were processed using a MATLAB code developed for this study. Although the breakup zone is naturally random and the breakup location significantly varies with time, the novel method developed in this study helps quantify critical parameters under different operating conditions.</div>

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Model Selection for Predicting the Evaporation Rate of Aviation Fuels

Vu¹,

Xuan²,

Trung³

2023

SAE Technical Paper Series

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The prediction of accurate evaporation rates for aviation fuels, which are complex mixtures of hundreds of hydrocarbon components with varying evaporation characteristics, remains a challenge. Multi-component vaporization models, such as distillation curve (DC) and diffusion limit (DL), are capable of predicting evaporation rates well but require the construction of surrogate fuels, which is difficult. Mono-component models, on the other hand, can be used for rapid evaporation conditions similar to those in a heat engine combustion chamber, with acceptable uncertainties. However, the accuracy of these models under engine-relevant operating conditions is unclear. This study aims to address this research gap by experimentally measuring the evaporation rates of two aviation fuels (TS-1 and Jet-A1) at different temperature conditions and evaluating the feasibility of current theoretical models for predicting evaporation rates under engine-relevant conditions. The study found that current models cannot accurately describe special events such as micro-explosions or slow evaporation, which were observed in the case of TS-1 droplets at temperatures above 823 K. This study highlights the need for more accurate models for predicting the evaporation rates of aviation fuels under engine-relevant conditions.</div></div>

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Development of a Backlight Imaging System to Investigate Liquid Breakup in Near-Field Swirl Atomizer

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Biodiesels Manufactured from Different Feedstock: From Fuel Properties to Fuel Atomization and Evaporation

Biodiesels Manufactured from Different Feedstock: From Fuel Properties to Fuel Atomization and Evaporation

A Novel Experiment Approach for Measurement Breakup Length, Cone Angle, Sheet Velocity, and Film Thickness in Swirl Air-Blast Atomizers

Model Selection for Predicting the Evaporation Rate of Aviation Fuels

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