Development of a Bacteria-Independent Model of the Multiple Organ Failure Syndrome

Adenoviral Delivery of Human and Viral IL-10 in Murine Sepsis

“…A significant neutrophil infiltration was seen in the lungs of mice pretreated with the buffer (A) and the Ad/hIL-10 (B), whereas the lungs from the Ad/vIL-10-treated animals (C) had minimal neutrophil infiltration with preservation of the normal lung architecture. Unlike the zymosan model, which has a well-described associated hemorrhagic lung injury (16,17), the pathology seen in the CDE model of pancreatitis is primarily restricted to the pancreas and liver (18,19). With lung myeloperoxidase levels as an indicator of neutrophil infiltration, there was not an associated lung infiltration in mice with CDE-induced pancreatitis (0.41 Ϯ 0.07 U/gww in healthy animals vs 0.41 Ϯ 0.04 U/gww in buffer-treated mice with pancreatitis).…”

Interleukin-10 Reduces Morbidity and Mortality in Murine Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)

“…An initial acute inflammatory response to sterile peritonitis (Phase I) occurs, which is followed by a recovery phase (Phase II), and then by progressive multiple organ dysfunction over a period of 1 to 3 weeks (Phase III). Phase III has been characterized by clinically apparent signs of illness, progressive organ dysfunction, and an elevated proinflammatory state [21,30].…”

Shock, Sepsis, and Multiple Organ Failure: The Result of Whole-Body Inflammation

“…In the acute phase of the ZIGI model, BT is well documented (Goris et al 1986;Steinberg et al 1989;Goris et al 1991 b;Mainous et al 1991) and early death probably is related to the increased inflammatory stimulus induced by BT. In the following days, animals recover and after 5 days progressive deterioration occurs, this time without any relation to BT.…”

“…Prolonged intense complement and macrophage activation by intraperitoneal zymosan in rats induced similar severe inflammatory changes in lung, liver, kidneys, heart, and spleen (Goris et al 1986;Steinberg et al 1989). These alterations could largely be prevented by prior macrophage depletion (Nieuwenhuijzen and Goris 1992).…”

“…The characteristic alterations seen in this model can be induced within 12 days by intraperitoneal administration of zymosan (1 g/kg) in rats and mice [zymosan-induced general inflammation (ZIGI) model] (Goris et al 1986;Steinberg et al 1989;Mainous et al 1991). The characteristics of this model are summarized in Table 1.…”