Development of a Continuous Flow System for the Oxidative Desulfurization of Refractory Organosulfur Compounds in Hydrotreated Diesel

Abstract

Two synthesized oxovanadium­(IV) polymer-supported catalysts, poly­[VO­(sal-AHBPD)] and poly­[VO­(allylSB-co-EGDMA)], were employed for the oxidation of thiophene (TH), benzothiophene (BTH), dibenzothiophene (DBT), and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) under a continuous flow system at 40 °C. Maximum conversion was attained at a flow rate of 1 mL/h, with overall conversions of 71%, 89%, 99%, and 88% achieved when poly­[VO­(allylSB-co-EGDMA)] was employed, and conversions of 79%, 90%, 97%, and 91% were achieved when poly­[VO­(sal-AHBPD)] was employed for the oxidation of thiophene (TH), benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT), and 4,6 dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT), respectively. The high organosulfur oxidation yield displayed by this method, followed by adsorption of the sulfones using chitosan nanofibers, suggests its possible application in the oil industry for oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of hydrotreated fuel.

Desulfurization of model diesel by extraction/oxidation using a zinc-substituted polyoxometalate as catalyst under homogeneous and heterogeneous (MIL-101(Cr) encapsulated) conditions

“…One of the most promising methods is oxidative desulfurization (ODS) [4,5]. In this process, the refractory sulfur compounds are oxidized to sulfoxides and sulfones with subsequent removal of these products by extraction or adsorption [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Ionic liquids (ILs) have proved to be successful as sustainable extraction solvents for the removal of oxidized sulfur compounds from fuels and model fuel oils, replacing volatile and flammable organic solvents [6,8,9,[13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Synthesis of HKUST-1 and zeolite beta composites for deep desulfurization of model gasoline

“…[1][2][3] Several new technologies have been explored to meet the demand for ultra-clean fuels. [4][5][6] Among these, adsorptive desulfurization (ADS) has been considered as a promising method for reducing the sulfur content of fuels, due to its low cost and mild conditions. 3,4 So far, various types of adsorbents have been reported for desulfurization, such as metal oxides, active carbon, clays, mesoporous materials, zeolites and metalorganic frameworks.…”

New insights on oxidative desulfurization for low sulfur residual oil production

“…Meanwhile transition metal oxides on an active support/without an active support are some of the widely explored heterogeneous catalysts for the ODS process. Although MoO 3 /MCM-41-TBHP, MoO 3 /Al 2 O 3 -TBHP, oxovanadium catalysts-TBHP, bis(glycerol)oxotitanium (IV)-organohydro peroxides were some of the catalyst combinations used for the desulfurization of heavy oil, [37][38][39][40] but the degree of desulfurization was oen low (Table T3, ESI †).…”