Development of a Japanese Version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children

Abstract

In this paper, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children originally developed in 1999 by Laurent, et al. was adapted for use in Japan. In Study 1, a total of 763 children in Grades 4 to 6 completed this Schedule, and 103 of them completed it again about three months later. Principal factor analysis with promax rotation identified two factors, positive and negative affect, in the Japanese version, whose alphas (over .80) and test-retest correlations (over .50) were sufficient to indicate internal consistency and stability over time. In Study 2, a total of 328 children completed the Japanese version, the Depression Self-rating Scale for Children, and the Trait Form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. Intercorrelations showed convergent and discriminant validity using these self-report measures of depression and anxiety. Overall these data support the reliability and validity of this Japanese version.

Measuring Positive and Negative Affect in a School-Based Sample: A Polish Version of the PANAS-C

“…Specifically, the EFA revealed that two items, alert and calm, are problematic due to low item-total correlations, whereas CFAs identified additional items, disgusted, fearless, and strong, with low factor loadings. A comparison across translations of the PANAS-C indicated that these results closely correspond to those of previous validation studies (Ciucci et al 2017;Laurent et al 1999;Stevanovic et al 2013;Yamasaki et al 2006). Alert and fearless were eliminated from the original PANAS-C as well as from the Italian, Serbian, and Japanese translations.…”

“…This observation is in line with a general tendency to shorten the PANAS-C by removing poorly performing items. Overall, all translations of the PANAS-C are shorter than their original 27-item counterpart (from the 24-item Japanese and Italian versions [Yamasaki et al 2006;Ciucci et al 2017, respectively] to the 21-item Serbian version [Stevanovic et al 2013]; see also Damásio et al 2013). Our analyses also suggested that some of the PANAS-C items should be eliminated.…”

“…Specifically, psychometric properties of the translated PANAS-C scales were tested with exploratory factor analysis to investigate the structure of the scale and hierarchical multiple regression to examine partial correlations of the PA and NA scales with measures of anxiety and depression. For instance, Yamasaki et al (2006) developed a Japanese version of the PANAS-C. Stevanovic et al (2013) developed a Serbian translation of the PANAS-C. Italian (Ciucci et al 2017), Spanish (Casuso et al 2016), and Chinese (Ting-Ting et al 2015) translations of the PANAS-C also appear in the literature. Generally, these translated PANAS-C scales eliminate some items based on language variations between the original English version and the particular translated versions; however, the resulting translated PANAS-C scales demonstrated psychometric properties similar to those of the original scale.…”

“…When controlling for NA, the relationship between PA and depression should remain negative and significant, while the correlation with anxiety should remain small and nonsignificant (Laurent et al 1999). Finally, based on the observation that affective experiences and other affect-related constructs (e.g., anxiety and depression) differ across age and gender (e.g., Jacques and Mash 2004;Salk et al 2017;Stevanovic et al 2013;Yamasaki et al 2006), we investigated whether the Polish PANAS-C scores, similarly to other language versions, also reflect these differences. Building upon previous research (Ciucci et al 2017;Jacques and Mash 2004;Stevanovic et al 2013), we expected that girls would obtain higher scores on the NA scale than boys, and that older students would have higher scores on the NA scale than younger students.…”

Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Short Form: Factorial Invariance and Optimistic and Pessimistic Affective Profiles in Spanish Children

“…Two years later, Kiernan et al (2001) administered the PANAS-C to a sample of children ( M age = 11.4, SD = 2.27) from different European countries (Austria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, among others) that were attending an international therapeutic prevention program for children with life-threatening illnesses. In Japan, Yamasaki et al (2006) validated the Japanese-language version of the PANAS-C in a sample of children between 9 and 12 years old. Later, Ebesutani et al (2011) confirmed the validity of the PANAS-C in a sample of Hawaiian children and adolescents aged from 8 to 18 years.…”