Development of a local real world driving cycle for motorcycles for emission factor measurements

Development of an onboard system to measure the on-road driving pattern for developing motorcycle driving cycle in Khon Kaen city, Thailand

“…To measure a travel distance of a driving motorcycle, this study decided to install a magnetic speed sensor at the rear wheel of the motorcycle to detect the wheel rotation every second, similar to previous studies [6][7][8]. The magnetic chip and sensor were installed on the rear wheel as displayed in Fig.…”

“…Tsai et al [8] developed the Kaohsiung Driving Cycle (KHM) of the motorcycle in Kaohsiung city, Taiwan for development of emission factors and compared the developed driving cycle and emission factors with others from previous studies. This study equipped the driving motorcycle with a frequency-voltage transducer and data acquisition system to collect the time-speed data during the testing period.…”

“…To analyze the collected on-road driving data for determining the optimum appropriate driving cycle, this study selected nine target parameters, as displayed in Table 3, according to the parameters selected by many previous studies [7,8,10,15]. These parameters were used as the selection criteria to minimize the difference of the target parameters from the developed driving cycle and the entire collected data.…”

“…To consider the uniqueness of the developed Khon Kaen motorcycle driving cycle (KMDC), this study compared the developed driving cycle with the existing Bangkok motorcycle driving cycle from the Automotive Emission Laboratory, Pollutant Control Department (PCD), THAILAND [17] and other motorcycle driving cycles in different cities, including the Taiwan Motorcycle Driving Cycle (TMDC) [7], the Kaohsiung driving cycle (KHM) [8], the Hanoi motorcycle driving cycle (CEMDC) [10], and the WMTC Part1: urban driving [18]. Table 6 shows a comparison of the developed KMDC with other motorcycle driving cycles.…”

Simulation for the analysis of a hybrid electric scooter powertrain

“…The TMDC is the actual velocity trace obtained by researchers who followed target vehicles on an instrumented chase vehicle [20]. The KMDC is obtained from four main routes that connect the downtown and rural areas of Kaohsiung using a data-acquisition system mounted in the front wheel of a 125cc motorcycle [21]. Due to very high accelerations (in the original data), both the TMDC and KMDC were smoothed with a low-pass filter to reduce the maximum acceleration to match scooters with the 50cc twostroke engine targeted here.…”