Simulation for the analysis of a hybrid electric scooter powertrain

Design and implementation of a hybrid electric motorcycle management system

“…The main controller will fetch the signal of the handle position to drive the throttle controller to rectify the rotational speed of the engine. The electronic throttle developed by Hsu and Hsu [4] was modified in this study by utilizing a stepping motor pulling steel wire to drive the throttle and retaining the original structure of a carburetor. A flywheel is installed on the shaft of the motor to pull the throttle, and a variable resistor is connected to the throttle shaft to feedback the status of the throttle position.…”

“…A new type of composite power transmission mechanism, proposed by Sheu [2][3][4][5], combined an automatic transmission with a continuous variable one. They developed a novel research and derived an optimal switching strategy and optimal power request from motor and engine in the hybrid mode, to fetch maximum efficiency and reduce pollution emissions.…”

Cost-optimized design of a dual-mode diesel parallel hybrid electric vehicle for several driving missions and market scenarios

“…A rule-based control is a technique that is used extensively in hybrid systems to obtain an optimal energy management [19]. This method is characterized by simple implementation, high computational efficiency and fast experimental verification.…”

A combined optimal sizing and energy management approach for hybrid in-wheel motors of EVs

“…11.028 0306-2619/Ó 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. powertrains [9][10][11], in which the engine is responsible for extending the traveling mileage and the motor/generator compensates the rest power; this enables energy recovery and properly distributes energy [12]. Types of battery/supercapacitors [13], fuel cell/ supercapacitors [14], fuel cell/batteries [15], and fuel cell/battery/ supercapacitors [16] used as hybrid energy sources in (hybrid) EVs have been studied.…”