“…In addition, mobile is more portable than a laptop and computer, mobile learning can encourage independent learning (Saedah Siraj, 2005;Eschenbrenner & Nah, 2007;Dimakopoulos & Magoulas, 2009;Beetham & Sharpe, 2013). It also provides the learners to read the materials with their different learning styles (Stead, 2006;Wei, Zhuo, & Zhang, 2008;Helou, Gillet, Salzmann & Rekik, 2008;Wang & Ryu, 2009;Lundin, Lymer, Holmquist, Brown & Rost, 2010;Clark & Mayer, 2011). Learners also can help their peers to understand the topic deeply from the notes provided.…”