Development of a National Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology

Whitman, Robert V.; Anagnos, Thalia; Kircher, Charles A.; Lagorio, Henry J.; Lawson, Rod; Schneider, Philip J.

doi:10.1193/1.1585973

Cited by 163 publications

(90 citation statements)

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“…The convolution procedure Whitman et al, 1997) is described as follows, with the two terms assumed to be independent and total uncertainty calculated by square-root-of-sumof-squares (SRSS).…”

Section: Hazus-compatible Fragility Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation-Based Fragility Relationships for Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

2013

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Unreinforced masonry (URM) structures represent a significant portion of the residential building stock of the Central and Eastern United States (CEUSA), accounting for 15% of homes in the 8-state region impacted by the New-Madrid Seismic Zone and an even greater portion of the building stock in most other regions of the world. In addition to significant population, the brittle nature of URM buildings further supports a thorough consideration of seismic response given the susceptibility to severe failure modes. Currently, there is a pressing need for analytically based fragility curves for URM buildings. In order to improve the estimation of damage state probabilities through the development of simulation-based masonry fragilities, an extensive literature survey is conducted on pushover analysis of URM structures. Using this data, capacity diagrams are generated, from which damage exceedance limit states are defined.Demand is simulated using synthetically derived accelerograms representative of the CEUSA.Structural response is evaluated using an advanced capacity spectrum method developed at the Mid-America Earthquake Center. Capacity, demand, and response are thus derived analytically and response data is used to generate an improved and uniform set of fragility curves for use in loss-assessment software via a framework amenable to rapid expansion of pushover database and variation of ground motion records. A set of best practices is hereby developed for selection and use of experimental and analytical data, input ground motions, analysis of structural capacity, limit state definitions, seismic design categories, and probabilistic analysis methods. Curves are expressed in multiple forms for wide range of use in loss-assessment applications. Results are discussed and compared with other relationships developed in the literature, along with those generated using HAZUS opinion-based capacity data. The parameters of the improved fragility relationships developed and presented in this thesis are provided and suggested for reliable use in seismic loss assessment software.iii To my wife, Erin iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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Section: Hazus-compatible Fragility Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation-Based Fragility Relationships for Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

2013

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“…It is well documented in the current literature that fragility curves can be described by (cumulative) normal, lognormal, or beta distributions [19]. The lognormal distribution (eq.…”

Section: Derivation Of Fragility Curvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivation of Fragility Curves for Traditional Timer-Framed Masonry Buildings Using Nonlinear Static Analysis

Kappos¹,

Kouris²

2014

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COM

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“…It is well documented in the literature that fragility curves can be described by (cumulative) normal, lognormal, or beta distributions (Whitman et al 1997;Vamvatsikos et al 2010b). The lognormal distribution is adopted here since it describes adequately the evolution of damage (Kircher et al 2006).…”

Section: Fragility Curves In Terms Of Spectral Displacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragility Curves and Loss Estimation for Traditional Timber-Framed Masonry Buildings in Lefkas, Greece

Kouris

Kappos

2015

Computational Methods in Applied Sciences

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Abstract The 2003 earthquake in the Greek island of Lefkas, has revived the interest for the local anti-seismic technique based on the use of timber-framed masonry, whose adequate performance during the earthquake revealed the merits of this rather sophisticated, albeit traditional, construction. A key feature of the Lefkas structures is their dual structural system. The secondary system is activated once the ground storey stone masonry piers of the primary system (which includes timber-framed masonry in all storeys) fail. In this regard, two different structural models are presented herein to simulate the response of each system. A macro-model based on nonlinear (NL) strut elements and point plastic hinges is intended to model the timber-framed masonry. NL analyses are carried out for one, two and three storey buildings , which represent the most common cases in Lefkas. Furthermore, an investigation is carried out regarding the foundation of the buildings resting on soft alluvial deposits. Pushover curves are derived from the NL analyses of the buildings and are then converted to capacity curves using the characteristics of the predominant mode. On these curves four damage states (slight damage, moderate damage, heavy damage, and collapse) are defined on the basis of criteria related to the actual response of the building. Then, fragility curves in terms of spectral displacement are generated, adopting a log-normal statistical distribution. These curves are converted into PGA values using a selected response spectrum. Utilising these fragility curves a seismic loss scenario for the 2003 Lefkas earthquake is developed for the timber-framed masonry stock of Lefkas city. Permanent repository link

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Development of a National Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology

Cited by 163 publications

References 0 publications

Simulation-Based Fragility Relationships for Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

Simulation-Based Fragility Relationships for Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

Derivation of Fragility Curves for Traditional Timer-Framed Masonry Buildings Using Nonlinear Static Analysis

Fragility Curves and Loss Estimation for Traditional Timber-Framed Masonry Buildings in Lefkas, Greece

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