Development of a novel 124 MPa strength green reactive powder concrete employing waste glass and locally available cement

Abstract

In this study, a new reactive powder concrete (RPC) was developed, with environmentally friendly typical RPC components obtained from ground quartz substituted by the waste glass. In this manner, the carbon footprint and final cost are minimized by replacing aggregates and reducing cement. A challenge in this study was using high-celite phase available cement and avoiding the alkali-silica reaction. The Box–Wilson design and Derringer–Suich optimization were used to create an RPC mixture with a low cement content and high-volume waste glass dosage that achieved a compressive strength of more than 120 MPa. It was demonstrated that having all ground waste glass particles smaller than 1000 µm is not sufficient to prevent the alkali-silica expansion. Furthermore, commercially available cement with a high celite proportion had a modest beneficial influence on the compressive strength at an early-age but a significant detrimental impact on the RPC’s compressive strength at 28 days. Finally, the current study proved the potential of manufacturing an RPC that satisfied the strength threshold criterion while utilizing a local cement with over 12% celite and a substantial volume of waste glass powder comprising more than half of the RPC weight.

A Comprehensive Overview of Recycled Glass as Mineral Admixture for Circular UHPC Solutions

“…When it comes to glass aggregate, green glass exhibits superior resistance to ASR reaction due to its high concentration of Cr 2 O 3 , which effectively mitigates ASR growth [68]. However, due to the particularities of UHPC, other factors such as the particle glass size and the presence and dosage of high pozzolanic supplementary cementitious materials such as SF play more crucial roles in determining ASR formation [50,68,69]. The chemical compositions of different colored glasses are detailed in Table 2 [65].…”

“…As can be observed, the reported XRD analysis of recycled glass particles reveal their amorphous nature, characterized by a minor presence of long-range atomic order. This amorphous phase, typical of soda-lime glass materials [47,49,50,59,78], is a key factor in their pozzolanic activity when used as glass powder in concrete [79,80]. The absence of crystalline structure allows for greater reactivity with calcium hydroxide during cement hydration, resulting in the creation of secondary C-S-H gel.…”

“…Chemically, glass comprises inorganic compounds fused at high temperatures and cooled to a solid state, typically consisting of calcium oxide, sodic oxide and non-crystalline silica, though composition varies based on application [40,[49][50][51]. Historically, waste glass has found utility in hydraulic concrete production as a supplementary cementitious material and fine aggregate, owing to its high silica content.…”

“…Historically, waste glass has found utility in hydraulic concrete production as a supplementary cementitious material and fine aggregate, owing to its high silica content. Effective recycling strategies are pivotal in preserving the purity and quality of glass [40,[49][50][51]. In this context, GP, obtained by milling WG, emerges as a promising candidate for partially replacing cement in alternative UHPC formulations, leveraging its pozzolanic properties to enhance mechanical characteristics while allowing for substantial cement, silica fume or quartz powder reductions [51][52][53].…”

Influence of Waste Glass Addition on the Fire Resistance, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Composites

“…As predicted, the water absorption decreases with the increase of waste glass share in geopolymers. The reason for this is the water absorption of waste glass, which is close to zero [68,69]. Furthermore, the addition of waste glass to the geopolymer matrix resulted in higher density as compared to the reference material.…”