“…In order to solve the challenging issue of the energy supply for wireless sensors, small portable devices and MEMS, piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting based on the piezoelectric effect has been receiving more and more attention over the past two decades [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Meanwhile, piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting will positively promote the development of the structural health monitoring and the precision actuation [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Up to now, many different kinds of linear resonance based piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters have been designed, modeled, simulated and experimentally tested to investigate their energy harvesting performance [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”