Development of a portable active long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy system for volcanic gas measurements

Vita, Fabio; Kern, Christoph; Inguaggiato, Salvatore

doi:10.5194/jsss-3-355-2014

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The magmatic intrusion located 1-2 km of depth, and the magmatic storage at about 5-3 km, have been strongly influencing the shallow hydrothermal system, feeding the fumarolic field of the Grancratere of La Fossa, during the historical observation period. The remote sensing technique of passive DOAS (differential optical absorption spectroscopy), [54,55] allows the quantifying of different volcanic gases within the columns emitted from active volcanoes by collecting the spectra in the ultraviolet region (UV) in order to supply indirect measurements of magmatic volatiles [7,[56][57][58]. The DOAS method is based on the principles of absorption spectroscopy (Bouger-Beer-Lambert law) and is used for the quantification of different trace gases' concentrations (e.g., SO 2 , NO 2 , BrO).…”

Section: Geological and Volcanological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Extensive Parameters as a Tool to Monitoring the Volcanic Activity: The Case Study of Vulcano Island (Italy)

et al. 2022

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On Vulcano Island (Italy), many geochemical crises have occurred during the last 130 years of solfataric activity. The main crises occurred in 1978–1980, 1988–1991, 1996, 2004–2007, 2009–2010 and the ongoing 2021 anomalous degassing activity. These crises have been characterized by early signals of resuming degassing activity, measurable by the increase of volatiles and energy output emitted from the summit areas of the active cone, and particularly by increases of gas/water ratios in the fumarolic area at the summit. In any case, a direct rather than linear correspondence has been observed among the observed increase in the fluid output, seismic release and ground deformation, and is still a subject of study. We present here the results obtained by the long-term monitoring (over 13 years of observations) of three extensive parameters: the SO2 flux monitored in the volcanic plume, the soil CO2 flux and the local heat flux, monitored in the mild thermal anomaly located to the east of the high-temperature fumarole. The time variations of these parameters showed cyclicity in the volcanic degassing and a general increase in the trend in the last period. In particular, we focused on the changes in the mass and energy output registered in the period of June–December 2021, to offer in near-real-time the first evaluation of the level and duration of the actual exhalative crisis affecting Vulcano Island. In this last event, a clear change in degassing style was recorded for the volatiles emitted by the magma. For example, the flux of diffused CO2 from the soils reached the maximum never-before-recorded value of 34,000 g m−2 d−1 and the flux of SO2 of the plume emitted by the fumarolic field on the summit crater area reached values higher than 200 t d−1. The interpretation of the behavior of this volcanic system, resulting from the detailed analyses of these continuous monitoring data, will complete the framework of observations and help in defining and possibly forecasting the next evolution of the actual exhaling crisis.

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Section: Geological and Volcanological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Extensive Parameters as a Tool to Monitoring the Volcanic Activity: The Case Study of Vulcano Island (Italy)

et al. 2022

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“…This arrangement has two advantages: First, the light beam crosses the plume twice, thus doubling the sensitivity and second (and usually more important), all parts of the instrument, which require power are at one end of the light path, while only a passive reflector is at far end. Prerequisite for this approach is the availability of suitable sites on either side of the plume (e.g., two points at the crater rim) for mounting light source and detector or reflector (see e.g., [30,31]). In addition, the technique largely avoids the problems of the large background column density of e.g., H 2 O.…”

Section: Absorption Spectroscopy In the Uv/visiblementioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-Based Remote Sensing and Imaging of Volcanic Gases and Quantitative Determination of Multi-Species Emission Fluxes

2018

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The physical and chemical structure and the spatial evolution of volcanic plumes are of great interest since they influence the Earth's atmospheric composition and the climate. Equally important is the monitoring of the abundance and emission patterns of volcanic gases, which gives insight into processes in the Earth's interior that are difficult to access otherwise. Here, we review spectroscopic approaches (from ultraviolet to thermal infra-red) to determine multi-species emissions and to quantify gas fluxes. Particular attention is given to the emerging field of plume imaging and quantitative image interpretation. Here UV SO 2 cameras paved the way but several other promising techniques are under study and development. We also give a brief summary of a series of initial applications of fast imaging techniques for volcanological research.

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“…The researchers in these fields have attempted to achieve high-sensitivity and portable monitoring. [32][33][34] Vita et al 32 could design and construct a lightweight, portable, and low-power long-path DOAS instrument for use at remote locations, specifically to measure the degassing from active volcanic systems, due to the developments in fiber-coupling telescope technology and the availability of UV light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Their instrument could measure SO 2 and potentially other trace gases through long open paths around volcanic vents.…”

Section: Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The open paths have been used to increase the optical length in the applications. [32][33][34] However, these applications are unsuitable for detecting the decomposition products of SF 6 . The SF 6 -insulated electrical equipment is enclosed.…”

Section: Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical technology for detecting the decomposition products of SF6: a review

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2018

Opt. Eng.

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Studies have demonstrated that partial discharge in SF 6-insulated electrical equipment can cause SF 6 decomposition, resulting in the generation of various products. Quantitative detection of these decomposition products can be used to evaluate the state of the equipment's insulation. The use of optical methods for detecting the products has many advantages, such as high precision, fast response, and sample reusability. Thus far, optical detection methods have been applied for detection of SF 6 decomposition products, and a few promising results have been obtained. We review the various optical technologies for detection of SF 6 decomposition products, introduce their principles and applications, and summarize some recent research progress. In addition, we propose two optical detection technologies that can be applied in this field.

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Development of a portable active long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy system for volcanic gas measurements

Cited by 14 publications

References 51 publications

The Extensive Parameters as a Tool to Monitoring the Volcanic Activity: The Case Study of Vulcano Island (Italy)

The Extensive Parameters as a Tool to Monitoring the Volcanic Activity: The Case Study of Vulcano Island (Italy)

Ground-Based Remote Sensing and Imaging of Volcanic Gases and Quantitative Determination of Multi-Species Emission Fluxes

Optical technology for detecting the decomposition products of SF6: a review

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