Development of a pressure box to evaluate reusable-launch-vehicle cryogenic-tank panels

Ambur, Damodar R.; Sikora, Joseph G.; Maguire, J.; Winn, P.

doi:10.2514/6.1996-1640

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…We used fuse silica and the corresponding thermal expansion data. 10 Samples with a length of approximately 20 mm, width of 10 mm, and thickness of 6 mm were cut from the center of the bulk material of 30 Â 30 Â 30 mm 3 for studying thermal expansion properties. The average coefficient of linear thermal expansion could be calculated by means of:…”

Section: Characterization and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 For example, structural failure has occurred in cryogenic liquid-storage systems when they were not designed to account for microcracking and thermal-cycling induced stresses. [8][9][10][11] Therefore, preparing new epoxy resins with reduced or controlled thermal expansion property would be of practical interest and always be desired for cryogenic applications. 12,13 In order to attain a target CTE, one approach is to tailor the chemical and network structures of epoxy resins, but it is not so effective due to the essential properties of polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and thermal properties of epoxy composites filled with negative thermal expansion nanoparticles modified by a plasma treatment

Huang

Chen

Chu

et al. 2010

Journal of Composite Materials

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Epoxy composites filled with negative thermal expansion nanoparticles, Mn 3 (Cu 0.6 Si 0.15 Ge 0.25 )N, modified by a plasma treatment were prepared. Thermal expansion properties and thermal conductivities of the Mn 3 (Cu 0.6 Si 0.15 Ge 0.25 )N/ epoxy composites were investigated within the temperature range of 77-300 K. Compared to neat epoxy resin, Mn 3 (Cu 0.6 Si 0.15 Ge 0.25 )N/epoxy composites show remarkably lower coefficient of thermal expansions (CTEs) and higher thermal conductivities. Especially for the composite with 32 vol.% of Mn 3 (Cu 0.6 Si 0.15 Ge 0.25 )N, the reduction of CTE value up to 42% in the temperature range of 77-195 K, and the thermal conductivities are 2.8 and 4 times as large as those of the neat epoxy resin at 298 and 77 K, respectively.

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Section: Characterization and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and thermal properties of epoxy composites filled with negative thermal expansion nanoparticles modified by a plasma treatment

Huang

Chen

Chu

et al. 2010

Journal of Composite Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Matrix shrinkage during cure, Poisson's effects, and mismatched coefficients of thermal expansion between the fibers and the matrix as well as the neighboring ply groups in a laminate cause these failure events in composite materials [1,7,[10][11][12]. Damage and failure on a small scale in cryogenic liquid-storage systems has been shown to grow and spread with repeated cycling, eventually causing bulk failure in structures that were not designed to account for microcracking and the stresses induced by thermal cycling [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic Microcracking of Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites: Influences of Fiber-Matrix Adhesion

Timmerman

Hayes

Seferis

2003

Journal of Composite Materials

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The impact of fiber-matrix adhesion on the transverse microcracking of fiber reinforced polymeric materials thermally cycled at cryogenic temperatures was investigated using symmetric cross-ply carbon fiber/epoxy laminates containing fibers with different surface treatments. Past research explored the role of fiber-matrix adhesion in determining the room temperature properties of composite materials, but this work is original in that it examined how fiber-matrix adhesion affected the behavior of composite materials at cryogenic temperatures. Three fiber surfaces were used: Unsized but exposed to an oxidative surface treatment, epoxy sized, and surfactant sized. Modifications of the fiber surfaces changed the adhesion of the matrix to the fibers as determined by interlaminar shear strength and dynamic mechanical analysis. The extent of microcracking in the laminates exhibited a dependence on fiber-matrix adhesion, with high levels of adhesion corresponding to decreased microcracking.

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“…Cryogenic liquid storage is an emerging application for carbon‐fiber/epoxy composite structures. The thermal stresses that are present in these structures at subambient temperatures can cause fiber–matrix debonding, which leads to microscopic cracks that can propagate and eventually cause catastrophic failure 10–17. The failure of composite materials exposed to thermal cycling and thermal stresses is a serious concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive modeling of microcracking in carbon‐fiber/epoxy composites at cryogenic temperatures

Timmerman

Seferis

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The temperature at which microcracking occurred in symmetrical cross-ply carbon-fiber/epoxy composite materials was predicted with a yield-stress-based failure model. A fracture mechanics analysis of the in situ strength of the ply groups in a composite material was combined with a compound beam determination of thermal stress development to create the predictive model. This approach, unlike many other models, incorporated the change in the material properties with temperature with the roomtemperature properties of the laminate to predict the lowtemperature behavior of the ply groups. Dynamic mechanical analysis was used to assess microcracking at cryogenic temperatures through the observation of discontinuities in the material properties during failure. Four different material systems were studied, and the model accurately predicted the onset temperature for microcracking in three of the four cases. It was shown that the room-temperature properties of a fiber-reinforced polymeric composite laminate, appropriately modified to account for property variations at low temperatures, could be used to predict transverse microcracking as a response to thermal stresses at cryogenic temperatures.

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Development of a pressure box to evaluate reusable-launch-vehicle cryogenic-tank panels

Cited by 7 publications

References 1 publication

Preparation and thermal properties of epoxy composites filled with negative thermal expansion nanoparticles modified by a plasma treatment

Preparation and thermal properties of epoxy composites filled with negative thermal expansion nanoparticles modified by a plasma treatment

Cryogenic Microcracking of Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites: Influences of Fiber-Matrix Adhesion

Predictive modeling of microcracking in carbon‐fiber/epoxy composites at cryogenic temperatures

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