Development of a Quasi-Steady Approach Based Simulation Tool for System Level Exhaust Aftertreatment Modeling

Tang, Weiyong; Wahiduzzaman, Syed; Wenzel, Seth; Leonard, Andy; Morel, Thomas

doi:10.4271/2008-01-0866

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The real-gas option was used with the Redlich-Kwong equation of state. For more information on the list of solved differential equations, refer to Tang et al 12 Engine state. Steady-state engine-out speed-load maps were obtained from an automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM).…”

Section: Conventional Vehicle-aftertreatment Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulated catalyst with heat storage for real-world vehicle emissions reduction

Daya

Hoard

Chanda³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Engine Research

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In previous publications, the model development and simulation of a vacuum-insulated catalytic converter was presented. GT-Suite model simulations demonstrated the heat retention capacity of the converter and corresponding emissions reductions. This article provides an update of the converter model development and analysis of real-world benefits of the converter. The vehicle-aftertreatment model of the vacuum-insulated catalytic converter was improved significantly, and detailed explanations of all theoretical modeling considerations are presented. In the absence of experimental data, a flow test experiment was conducted to measure the flow rate in exhaust tailpipe during vehicle soak due to thermosiphon. These results were used as inputs in the GT-Suite model simulations of conventional and hybrid electric vehicles. New model simulations demonstrated the ability of the vacuum-insulated catalytic converter to achieve significant emissions reductions following vehicle soaks of up to 18 h. To examine the real-world benefits of the converter, driving data were obtained from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and a MATLAB code was developed to statistically analyze 23,156 drive cycles. The vacuum-insulated catalytic converter was simulated on standard drive cycles to develop a correlation between melt time of the phase-change material and average drive cycle speed and acceleration. This correlation was used to predict the probability that the phase-change material will melt in a given real-world driving cycle. The MATLAB code was also used to calculate the soak time and re-solidification time probability. Finally, Federal Test Procedure emission results were weighted with the soak time probabilities. This analysis showed that in real-world driving conditions, the vacuum-insulated catalytic converter is expected to reduce cold-start CO and hydrocarbon emissions by 26% and 48%, respectively.

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Section: Conventional Vehicle-aftertreatment Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulated catalyst with heat storage for real-world vehicle emissions reduction

Daya

Hoard

Chanda³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…The reduction of nitric oxides takes place through reactions where ammonia gets consumed and nitrogen and water are produced [6]. A wide range of different numerical models in terms of accuracy, capabilities and computational efficiency are available today in literature [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. They vary from simple distributed models [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] to one's based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the model for a diesel engine catalytic converter

2019

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One of the key issues of the modern engine development is to comply with today’s stringent emission standards. It forces the manufacturers to enhance in-engine and after treatment emission reduction technologies continuously. The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is still the most effective technique for nitrogen oxides removal from exhaust gases of vehicles with diesel engines. Numerical modelling is widely used for SCR systems development and assessment. In this paper, a simplified one-dimensional numerical model of diesel SCR catalyst, which was implemented in Matlab, is described. The algorithm for automatic mesh generation describing real cross-section geometry of the catalyst block and the calculation procedure allowing to take into account non-uniform distribution of the gas flow parameters at the catalyst inlet are presented. Model was validated by the experimental data available in the literature. Numerical simulations for the full-scale modern SCR catalyst were carried out. The effect of the gas velocity non-uniformity at the catalyst inlet on the overall NOx reduction efficiency was evaluated.

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“…Numerical simulations have been extensively employed for the research and development of mobile SCR technologies. 45–53 Since accurate numerical models on the adsorption and desorption of ammonia over SCR catalysts are a prerequisite for simulating the overall behaviors of NH 3 -SCR systems, many studies have been conducted on them. 54–59 The interaction of ammonia with catalyst surface is obviously important for SCR applications, as it is well known that the deNOx performances and the dynamics of SCR converters are governed by the reactivity of adsorbed ammonia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and kinetic analysis of hydrothermal aging effects on ammonia adsorption capacity over a commercial Cu-zeolite selective catalytic reduction catalyst

Wang¹,

Im²

2018

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Ammonia/urea selective catalytic reduction is an efficient technology to control NOx emission from diesel engines. One of its critical challenges is the performance degradation of selective catalytic reduction catalysts due to the hydrothermal aging experienced in real-world operations during the lifetime. In this study, hydrothermal aging effects on the reduction of ammonia adsorption capacity over a commercial Cu-zeolite selective catalytic reduction catalyst were investigated under actual engine exhaust conditions. Ammonia adsorption site densities of the selective catalytic reduction catalysts aged at two different temperatures of 750°C and 850°C for 25 h with 10% H2O were experimentally measured and compared to that of fresh catalyst on a dynamometer test bench with a heavy-duty diesel engine. The test results revealed that hydrothermal aging significantly decreased the ammonia adsorption capacity of the current commercial Cu-zeolite selective catalytic reduction catalyst. Hydrothermal treatment at 750°C reduced the ammonia adsorption site to 62.5% level of that of fresh catalyst, while hydrothermal treatment at 850°C lowered the adsorption site to 37.0% level of that of fresh catalyst. Also, in this study, numerical simulation and kinetic analysis were carried out to quantify the impact of hydrothermal aging on the reduction of ammonia adsorption capacity by introducing an aging coefficient. The kinetic parameter calibrations based on actual diesel engine tests with a commercial monolith Cu-zeolite selective catalytic reduction catalyst provided a highly realistic kinetic parameter set of ammonia adsorption/desorption and enabled a mathematical description of hydrothermal aging effect.

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Development of a Quasi-Steady Approach Based Simulation Tool for System Level Exhaust Aftertreatment Modeling

Cited by 15 publications

References 34 publications

Insulated catalyst with heat storage for real-world vehicle emissions reduction

Insulated catalyst with heat storage for real-world vehicle emissions reduction

Development of the model for a diesel engine catalytic converter

Experimental and kinetic analysis of hydrothermal aging effects on ammonia adsorption capacity over a commercial Cu-zeolite selective catalytic reduction catalyst

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