Development of a SOFC Power Generator for the Indian Market

Pfeifer, Thomas; Chakradeo, Amarnath; Ahire, Nilesh R.; Baade, J.; Barthel, M.; Dosch, Christian; Nake, R.; Hartmann, Mathias

doi:10.1002/fuce.201600178

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…While market penetration of small scale solid oxide fuel cell systems accelerates , efforts are being devoted to increasing stacking and reaching higher efficiencies in SOFC systems through the implementation of recirculation loops . On the electrolysis side, tremendous progress has recently been achieved in demonstrating commercially viable lifetimes and scaling up SOEC technology .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transition Cycles during Operation of a Reversible Solid Oxide Electrolyzer/Fuel Cell (rSOC) System

et al. 2019

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Reversible high temperature solid oxide cells (rSOC) can be operated both in the fuel cell (SOFC) and the electrolysis mode (SOEC). This specificity is a promising way to either store intermittent renewable energy surpluses by producing H2, or generate electricity from H2 or any other fuel locally available (CH4, biogas) when demand overtakes the local production. Therefore, rSOC technology could reinforce autonomy and flexibility in buildings, eco‐districts, up to industrial sites and local energy grids powered by intermittent renewable energies. Such a storage solution complements batteries, displays flexible energy storage durations, from a few hours up to seasonal cycles, and allows decorrelating power and storage capacity. Nonetheless, experiments are needed to assess whether rSOC systems can accommodate the surrounding environment and switch rapidly between various power levels and operating modes. An rSOC system has been built and its ability to operate in both electrolysis and fuel cell modes has been demonstrated. The present work is focused on transitioning between 3 operating modes (SOEC, SOFC operated in H2, SOFC operated in CH4), each displaying 3 power levels. The results show that all transition cycles could be done in 3 to 10 min without negatively affecting short term stack performances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While market penetration of small scale solid oxide fuel cell systems accelerates [3][4][5], efforts are being devoted to increasing stacking [6] and reaching higher efficiencies in SOFC systems through the implementation of recirculation loops [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Cycles during Operation of a Reversible Solid Oxide Electrolyzer/Fuel Cell (rSOC) System

et al. 2019

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“…The stationary fuel cell systems are the subject of decades of intensive worldwide research (42). Depending on system output power range, specific application requirements and used fuel, different concepts has been considered at IKTS from 2005 through 2017 (43)(44)(45)(46). The systematic consideration of different system design options resulted in methodology for efficiency vs. cost driven optimization of SOFC powered devices (47).…”

Section: Stationary Sofc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in SOC Development at Fraunhofer IKTS

et al. 2021

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After long and successful development history of Solid Oxide Cells (SOC) continuous improvement in performance, longevity, manufacturing, and system integration it is necessary to bring this highly efficient technology to the market. The activities on material development and optimization at IKTS are focused mainly on enhancement of durability for SOFC, SOEC, and rSOC operation and on boosting the power density. During recent years considerable efforts on simplification and automation of cell and stack manufacturing processes have been addressed. The processes for electrode manufacturing have been adjusted for high yield automated printing on thin electrolytes with integrated quality control measures. Efficient ways for reduction of time and energy consumption for sealing process of SOC stacks have been found and demonstrated in pilot production as well as automated assembling of components to stacks was shown. The increasing interest in “green hydrogen” created multiple opportunities for SOEC technology to be considered as inherent part of industrial and chemical processes. IKTS pioneering work on coupled operation of SOEC module with Fischer-Tropsch reactor provided first demonstration of feasibility of this approach for wax production. However, high power electrolysis applications (>10 MW) will need new approaches for stack design and put higher requirements on durability.

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Section: Stationary Sofc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in SOC Development at Fraunhofer IKTS

et al. 2021

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Despite long and successful development history of Solid Oxide Cells (SOC) continuous improvement in performance, longevity, manufacturing and system integration is necessary to bring this highly efficient technology to the market. The activities on material development and optimization at IKTS are focused mainly on enhancement of durability in SOFC, SOEC and rSOC operation and on boosting the power density for electrolysis operation. The recent results show considerable enhancement in cell longevity and power density. The SOC priorities in applied research are moving from materials to industrialization and Fraunhofer as applied R&D service provider is following this trend. During recent years considerable efforts on simplification and automation of cell and stack manufacturing processes has been addressed at IKTS. The manufacturing processes for electrode manufacturing have been adjusted for high yield automated printing on thin electrolytes with integrated quality control measures. The efficient ways for reduction of time and energy consumption for sealing process of SOC stacks have been found and shown in pilot production as well as automated assembling of components to stacks demonstrated. Furthermore the stack integration into modules utilizing stacks of different providers has been addressed during last years and reliable solutions for building of compact stack modules of higher power (2 to 10 kW) has been developed and tested with industrial partners. The increasing interest in “green hydrogen” generated multiple opportunities for SOEC technology to be considered as inherent part of industrial and chemical processes. IKTS pioneering work on coupled operation of SOEC module with Fischer-Tropsch reactor provided first demonstration of feasibility of this approach for waxes production. The process design and analysis of steel, using SOEC technology, has been performed and resulted in multiple demonstration activities in last four years. Recently novel approaches for ammonia production are addressed at IKTS showing opportunity for transportable chemicals/fuel production without need of CO2 source. High power electrolysis applications (>10 MW) will need new approaches for stack design and put higher requirements on durability. High power electrolysis applications will also open a new window of opportunities for industrial SOFC power plants. This vision is considered as outline for our future research.

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Development of a SOFC Power Generator for the Indian Market

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Transition Cycles during Operation of a Reversible Solid Oxide Electrolyzer/Fuel Cell (rSOC) System

Transition Cycles during Operation of a Reversible Solid Oxide Electrolyzer/Fuel Cell (rSOC) System

Progress in SOC Development at Fraunhofer IKTS

Progress in SOC Development at Fraunhofer IKTS

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