Development of a sustainable dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on novel hydrophobic and hydrophilic natural deep eutectic solvents for the analysis of multiclass pesticides in water

Sereshti, Hassan; Seraj, Mahsa; Soltani, Sara; Nodeh, Hamid Rashidi; AliAbadi, Mohammad Hossein Shojaee; Taghizadeh, Masoud

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2022.107226

Cited by 34 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Consequently, sample pre-concentration should be carried out during sample preparation before instrumental analysis [ 2 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]; however, the direct injection of water samples has been used in some published methods [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Gas chromatography (GC) or ultra/high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS or LC-MS) are the most suitable techniques for the analysis of a high number of pesticides [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 11 , 17 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. From an analytical point of view, a great number of pesticides is not necessarily indicative of structural diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent papers, the detection of 20–300 pesticides in water could be achieved if both GC-MS and LC-MS were used in the method [ 5 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. For GC-MS analysis, the liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) of water with immiscible organic solvent such as diethyl ether or dichloromethane is a preferable approach to enrich pesticides [ 2 , 27 , 33 , 34 ]. This sample pre-concentration method is quite selective and is a good tool to pre-concentrate more volatile compounds; however, it requires a high volume of organic solvent that does not meet the purpose of green analytical chemistry [ 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Alternative Strategy for Screening and Confirmation of 330 Pesticides in Ground- and Surface Water Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tóth¹,

Tölgyesi²,

Simon³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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The presence of pesticide residues in water is a huge worldwide concern. In this paper we described the development and validation of a new liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for both screening and quantification of pesticides in water samples. In the sample preparation stage, the samples were buffered to pH 7.0 and pre-concentrated on polymeric-based cartridges via solid-phase extraction (SPE). Highly sensitive detection was carried out with mobile phases containing only 5 mM ammonium formate (pH of 6.8) as an eluent additive and using only positive ionization mode in MS/MS instrument. Hence, only 200-fold sample enrichment was required to set a screening detection limit (SDL) and reporting limit (RL) of 10 ng/L. The confirmatory method was validated at 10 and 100 ng/L spiking levels. The apparent recoveries obtained from the matrix-matched calibration (5–500 ng/L) were within the acceptable range (60–120%), also the precision (relative standard deviation, RSD) was not higher than 20%. During the development, 480 pesticides were tested and 330 compounds fulfilled the requirements of validation. The method was successfully applied to proficiency test samples to evaluate its accuracy. Moreover, the method robustness test was carried out using higher sample volume (500 mL) followed by automated SPE enrichment. Finally, the method was used to analyze 20 real samples, in which some compounds were detected around 10 ng/L, but never exceeded the assay maximum level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alternative Strategy for Screening and Confirmation of 330 Pesticides in Ground- and Surface Water Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tóth¹,

Tölgyesi²,

Simon³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“… 18 Additionally, the water–octanol partition coefficient (log 10 K ow ) also serves as a metric for assessing the hydrophobicity of hydrophobic DESs (HDESs). 19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents as Greener Substitutes for Conventional Extraction Media: Examples and Techniques

et al. 2023

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Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are multicomponent designer solvents that exist as stable liquids over a wide range of temperatures. Over the last two decades, research has been dedicated to developing noncytotoxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible DESs to replace commercially available toxic organic solvents. However, most of the DESs formulated until now are hydrophilic and disintegrate via dissolution on coming in contact with the aqueous phase. To expand the repertoire of DESs as green solvents, hydrophobic DESs (HDESs) were prepared as an alternative. The hydrophobicity is a consequence of the constituents and can be modified according to the nature of the application. Due to their immiscibility, HDESs induce phase segregation in an aqueous solution and thus can be utilized as an extracting medium for a multitude of compounds. Here, we review literature reporting the usage of HDESs for the extraction of various organic compounds and metal ions from aqueous solutions and absorption of gases like CO 2 . We also discuss the techniques currently employed in the extraction processes. We have delineated the limitations that might reduce the applicability of these solvents and also discussed examples of how DESs behave as reaction media. Our review presents the possibility of HDESs being used as substitutes for conventional organic solvents.

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“…The selectivity of alginate for the target pesticides can be enhanced via the encapsulation of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) . DESs are chemically tunable solvents and can be designed by appropriately combining different hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrogen bond donors components. , They are widely applied as liquid extractive phases as green and eco-friendly solvents in various sample preparation methods for the extraction of pesticide residues in different matrices such as infant formulas, water, , fruit juices, and milk in our group. However, since most DESs are liquid at ambient temperature, mobility is a drawback for their application as a medium for extraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copolymerized Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Encapsulated in Calcium Alginate Beads: Application as a Green Sorbent for Analysis of Multiclass Pesticides in Nonalcoholic Malt Beverages by GC–MS/SIM

Karami

Sereshti

2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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A novel sorbent material consisting of a copolymeric deep eutectic solvent (DES) gel doped in calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel beads was synthesized and used in a green micro-solid phase extraction of 24 pesticides in 8 nonalcoholic malt beverages. The analyses were performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/selective-ion monitoring. The DES was prepared by combining thymol (Thy, thyme oil) and methacrylic acid (MAA, can be obtained from Roman chamomile oil) in a 1:1 molar ratio via the heating-stirring method. Then, it was copolymerized using ammonium persulfate as a polymerization initiator and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinking monomer through thermally induced free-radical reaction and finally was encapsulated in CA beads. The DES was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. A comparison study indicated that t extractionhe efficiency of the modified CA with polymeric DES (CA/[poly(MAA-co-EGDMA)]:[Thy]) was 1.5–3.4-fold higher than unmodified CA hydrogel beads. The influence of significant parameters affecting extraction efficiency was optimized. The method was validated by the matrix effect, specificity, precision, limits of quantifications (0.010–0.230 μg L–1), matrix-matched calibration linearity (0.010–300 μg L–1), and determination coefficients (r 2 = 0.990–0.998). The method was successfully utilized for the detection of pesticide residues in nonalcoholic malt beverage samples, and the obtained relative recoveries were 68.2–115.6% (relative standard deviation < 10.2%). The procedure’s greenness was evaluated by the Complex Green Analytical Procedure Index and the Analytical Eco-Scale protocols. This paper is the first report on the preparation and utilization of this novel sorbent for the analysis of pesticides in nonalcoholic malt drinks.

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Development of a sustainable dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on novel hydrophobic and hydrophilic natural deep eutectic solvents for the analysis of multiclass pesticides in water

Cited by 34 publications

References 33 publications

An Alternative Strategy for Screening and Confirmation of 330 Pesticides in Ground- and Surface Water Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

An Alternative Strategy for Screening and Confirmation of 330 Pesticides in Ground- and Surface Water Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents as Greener Substitutes for Conventional Extraction Media: Examples and Techniques

Copolymerized Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent Encapsulated in Calcium Alginate Beads: Application as a Green Sorbent for Analysis of Multiclass Pesticides in Nonalcoholic Malt Beverages by GC–MS/SIM

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