Development of an autotrophic culture system for the in vitro mycorrhization of potato plantlets

Voets, Liesbeth; Boulois, Hervé Dupré de; Renard, L.; Strullu, D. G.; Declerck, Stéphane

doi:10.1016/j.femsle.2005.05.025

Cited by 88 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In order to evaluate the interaction between R. irregularis and A. mellea, in medium with different calcium (Ca) levels, L. angustifolia plantlets were used to establish mycorrhizal autotrophic culture systems described by Voets et al (2005). In such systems, the plant leaves perform photosynthesis while roots grow axenically inside a petri plate filled with modified Strullu-Romand medium (MSR) with no sugar or vitamins (Voets et al, 2005) and 7 g agar/L.…”

Section: In Vitro Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such systems, the plant leaves perform photosynthesis while roots grow axenically inside a petri plate filled with modified Strullu-Romand medium (MSR) with no sugar or vitamins (Voets et al, 2005) and 7 g agar/L. Under such conditions, the root can be colonized by an AMF monoxenically grown on Agrobacterium rhizogenestransformed roots in a root organ culture (ROC) (Declerck et al, 1996).…”

Section: In Vitro Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in tolerance response against Armillaria mellea in lavender

Calvet

García-Figueres

Lovato³

et al. 2015

Span. j. agric. res.

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Lavender species form the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and are at the same time highly susceptible to white root rot. In an attempt to evaluate the response of mycorrhizal Lavandula angustifolia L. to Armillaria mellea (Vahl:Fr) P. Kumm in a greenhouse experiment, plants were previously inoculated with an isolate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis (former Glomus intraradices BEG 72) and the influence of the pH growing medium on the plant-symbiont-pathogen interaction was tested in gnotobiotic autotrophic growth systems in which mycorrhizal inoculum was obtained from root organ cultures. After ten months growth dual-inoculated lavender plants grown in containers with a pasteurized substrate mixture produced a similar number of spikes than healthy plants and achieved equivalent plant diameter coverage. When the growing medium in the autotrophic systems was supplemented with calcium carbonate , the inoculation of lavender plantlets with R. irregularis at higher pH (7.0 and 8.5) media caused a significant decrease of A. mellea presence in plant roots, as detected by qPCR. Moreover, the observation of internal root mycorrhizal infection showed that the extent of mycorrhizal colonization increased in plant roots grown at higher pH, indicating that tolerance to white root rot in lavender plants inoculated with R. irregularis could be associated to mycorrhizal establishment.Additional key words: white root rot; control strategies; Glomus intraradices; Lavandula angustifolia; pH; Rhizophagus irregularis.Abbreviations used: AMF (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi); MSR (Strullu-Romand medium); qPCR (real-time PCR); ROC (root organ culture).Citation: Calvet, C.; Garcia-Figueres, F.; Lovato, P.; Camprubi, A. (2015). Role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in tolerance response against

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Section: In Vitro Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vitro Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in tolerance response against Armillaria mellea in lavender

Calvet

García-Figueres

Lovato³

et al. 2015

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…Petri plates 15 cm in diameter were filled with MSR medium lacking sugar and vitamins (Voets et al, 2005) and two plugs of inoculum isolated from an AM fungal root organ culture of G. intraradices containing approximately 50 spores were placed in the centre of the plate. Simultaneously three plugs of 0.5 cm diameter from an A. mellea mycelium colony grown on malt agar were placed in the edge of the plates to ensure an homogeneous growth of the fungal mycelium in the plate.…”

Section: Experiments Set Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The roots remained in the Petri plate on the culture medium, devoid of sucrose and vitamins, while the shoots grew in open air conditions as described for potato plants (Voets et al, 2005). Petri dishes were covered with opaque plastic strips in order to keep the root system in the dark, and plants were kept inside a plastic box at 100% of relative humidity in a growth chamber set at 25°C with 16h photoperiod and a PFD of 200 µmol m -2 s -1 .…”

Section: Experiments Set Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lack of photosynthetic tissues generates an abnormal hormonal balance and an abnormal physiological relationship between both symbiotic partners (St-Arnaud and Elsen, 2005) that can distort the results of the interaction studies. Voets et al (2005) developed an autotrophic culture system for the in vitro mycorrhization of micropropagated plantlets, where the roots of these plantlets were inoculated with AMF spores under in vitro conditions. In this system, the shoots grew in the open air under high light intensity allowing plant photosynthesis (Kozai et al, 1988) while roots developed in the dark.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro interaction studies between Glomus intraradices and Armillaria mellea in vines

Nogales¹,

Camprubí²,

Estaún³

et al. 2010

Span. j. agric. res.

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An interaction study was performed with mycorrhizal plants of the grapevine rootstock Richter 110 (Vitis berlandieri Planch × Vitis rupestris Scheele) and the root pathogenic fungus Armillaria mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P. Kumm using an autotrophic in vitro culture system. Micropropagated plantlets were transferred to Petri plates with MSR medium lacking sugar and vitamins. Inocula of Glomus intraradices (BEG 72) and of Armillaria mellea obtained from a root organ culture and from a mycelium colony grown in malt agar respectively, were added to the plates according to each treatment: non-inoculated, inoculated with G. intraradices, inoculated with A. mellea, and dual-inoculated plants. There were ten replicates per treatment. Fourteen weeks later, the pathogen's mycelium occupied most of the surface/volume of the plate and had produced rhizomorphs. In dual inoculated plates, A. mellea's growth was not affected by the presence of G. intraradices, but the latter produced a lower number of spores and its extraradical phase showed granulation, vacuolation and tip swelling. The pathogen induced necrosis and growth decrease in the root. Glomus intraradices alleviated these symptoms and there were no differences in root biomass between non-inoculated plants and plants inoculated with both fungi. There were no symptoms of the disease in shoots and G. intraradices stimulated shoot growth both, although mycorrhizal colonization was lower when A. mellea was present. No direct antagonism or antibiosis against the pathogen was observed, thus the protective effect exerted by the symbiotic fungus in grapevines must be indirect, mediated through the host plant physiology.Additional key words: control, disease symptoms, grapevine, in vitro culture, root pathogenic fungi, tolerance. Resumen Estudios de interacción in vitro entre el hongo formador de micorrizas arbusculares Glomus intraradices y el hongo patógeno Armillaria mellea en vidSe estudió la interacción entre plantas micorrizadas del portainjerto de vid 110 Richter (Vitis berlandieri Planch × Vitis rupestris Scheele) y Armillaria mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P. Kumm en cultivo autotrófico in vitro. Plantas micropropagadas fueron transferidas a placas de Petri con medio MSR sin azúcar ni vitaminas. Inóculo de Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith (BEG 72) obtenido a partir de un cultivo axénico de raíces transformadas micorrizadas, e inócu-lo de A. mellea obtenido en medio agar-malta, se añadieron a las placas según tratamiento: no inoculado, inoculación con G. intraradices, inoculación con A. mellea e inoculación combinada, estableciéndose 10 réplicas por tratamiento. Catorce semanas después, el micelio del hongo patógeno ocupaba casi la totalidad de la superficie/volumen de la placa y había producido rizomorfos. En placas con inoculación mixta, el desarrollo de A. mellea no se vio afectado por la presencia de G. intraradices, mientras que éste produjo menos esporas, y su fase extraradical presentaba granulaciones, vacuolaciones y engrosamientos en las terminaciones. El patógeno indu...

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their response to pesticides

Hage‐Ahmed

Rosner

Steinkellner

2018

Pest Management Science

104

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbioses with the majority of plant species and can provide multiple benefits to the host plant. In agro‐ecosystems, the abundance and community structure of AMF are affected by agricultural management practices. This review describes and discusses current knowledge on the effects of inorganic and organic chemical pesticides on AMF in the conflicting area between agricultural use and environmental concerns. Variable effects have been reported following chemical pesticide use, ranging from neutral to positive and negative. Moreover, a species‐specific reaction has been documented. The reported effects of pesticides on arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis are very diverse, and even when the same substance is investigated, the results are often contradictory. These effects depend on many parameters, such as the active substance, the mode of action, the mode of application and the dosage. In the field, determinants such as the physico‐chemical behavior of the active substances, the soil type and other soil microorganisms contribute to the fate of pesticides and thus the amount of active substances to which AMF are exposed. This review highlights that the fate of AMF following pesticide use needs to be addressed in a broader agro‐ecosystem context. © 2018 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Development of an autotrophic culture system for the in vitro mycorrhization of potato plantlets

Cited by 88 publications

References 38 publications

Role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in tolerance response against Armillaria mellea in lavender

Role of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in tolerance response against Armillaria mellea in lavender

In vitro interaction studies between Glomus intraradices and Armillaria mellea in vines

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their response to pesticides

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