Development of an ELISA for measuring the activity of tetanus toxoid in vaccines and comparison with the toxin neutralization test in mice

Manghi, Marcela Alejandra; Pasetti, Marcela F.; Brero, M L; Deluchi, S; Paola, G di; Mathet, Verónica Lidia; Eriksson, Patricia V.

doi:10.1016/0022-1759(94)90204-6

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The assay to quantify IgG anti-tetanus toxoid antibody levels was based on a previously described methodology [13]. The assay to quantify IgG anti-pneumococcal antibody levels was based on the Procedures of the World Health Organization Pneumococcal Serology Reference Laboratories at the Institute of Child Health, University College, London, UK, and on the procedures of the Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination response to tetanus toxoid and 23-valent pneumococcal vaccines following administration of a single dose of abatacept: a randomized, open-label, parallel group study in healthy subjects

Tay

León²,

Vratsanos³

et al. 2007

Arthritis Res Ther

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The effect of abatacept, a selective T-cell co-stimulation modulator, on vaccination has not been previously investigated. In this open-label, single-dose, randomized, parallel-group, controlled study, the effect of a single 750 mg infusion of abatacept on the antibody response to the intramuscular tetanus toxoid vaccine (primarily a memory response to a T-celldependent peptide antigen) and the intramuscular 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine (a less T-cell-dependent response to a polysaccharide antigen) was measured in 80 normal healthy volunteers. Subjects were uniformly randomized to receive one of four treatments: Group A (control group), subjects received vaccines on day 1 only; Group B, subjects received vaccines 2 weeks before abatacept; Group C, subjects received vaccines 2 weeks after abatacept; and Group D, subjects received vaccines 8 weeks after abatacept. Anti-tetanus and antipneumococcal (Danish serotypes 2, 6B, 8, 9V, 14, 19F and 23F) antibody titers were measured 14 and 28 days after vaccination. While there were no statistically significant differences between the dosing groups, geometric mean titers following tetanus or pneumococcal vaccination were generally lower in subjects who were vaccinated 2 weeks after receiving abatacept, compared with control subjects. A positive response (defined as a twofold increase in antibody titer from baseline) to tetanus vaccination at 28 days was seen, however, in ≥ 60% of subjects across all treatment groups versus 75% of control subjects. Similarly, over 70% of abatacept-treated subjects versus all control subjects (100%) responded to at least three pneumococcal serotypes, and approximately 25-30% of abatacept-treated subjects versus 45% of control subjects responded to at least six serotypes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination response to tetanus toxoid and 23-valent pneumococcal vaccines following administration of a single dose of abatacept: a randomized, open-label, parallel group study in healthy subjects

Tay

León²,

Vratsanos³

et al. 2007

Arthritis Res Ther

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“…Unfortunately, there is little such information available from developing countries [23]. In this study, ELISA techniques were employed to determine antibody levels, as they are suitable for analyzing large numbers of samples and provide reliable results [25,26,[35][36][37]. Unfortunately, ELISA does not discriminate between neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies; only toxin neutralization (TN) tests reflect the true serum protective capacity, particularly for tetanus and diphtheria antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All their components satisfied the minimum potency requirements (4 IU/dose for pertussis, 30 IU/dose for diphtheria and 60 IU/dose for tetanus) according to international recommendations [24]. ELISAs: Serum antibodies against tetanus (anti-T) and diphtheria toxoid (anti-D) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as previously described [25,26]. Tetanus or diphtheria toxoids (Statens SerumInstitut, Copenhagen, Denmark) at 5 p,g/ml were used as coating antigens.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum antibodies to diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine components in Argentine children

et al. 1997

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The Argentine vaccination schedule against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP) recommends three doses of DTP vaccine at 2, 4 and 6 months of age, two boosters at 18 months and 6 years, a booster dose of tetanus vaccine every 10 years and two doses during pregnancy. To evaluate the effect of this schedule, antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and against tetanus and diphtheria toxoids were determined by ELISA in serum samples from children (1 month to 6 years) who received different doses of DPT vaccine: 0 dose (n = 50), 1 dose (n = 25), 2 doses (n = 25), 3 doses (n = 55), first and second booster (n = 25); 25 pregnant women and their offspring, and 45 adults. High antibody levels against PT (> 140 EU/ml) and FHA (> 80 EU/ml) were recorded in mothers and in the newborn. Antibody titers against PT increased with the number of doses given and decreased with time. Full protection against tetanus (titers > 0.1 IU/ml) was observed in the group of adults (0.37 IU/ml), in mothers (4.4 IU/ml) and their newborn offspring (5.5 IU/ml), and in children after receiving the second dose of DTP vaccine (1.86 IU/ml). The immune status for diphtheria was far lower, as most of the groups lacked adequate protection. After the third dose of DTP vaccine, only 78% of the children had antibody titers above the protective level (0.1 IU/ml). Since antibody levels considered to provide full protection were only achieved after the first booster dose of DTP vaccine, the primary three-dose schedule seems to be insufficient to confer adequate immunity in all vaccinees. Because of the high proportion of non-protected adults, a booster dose of Td vaccine should be considered for this group.

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“…As TTn induces death before an adaptive immunity could be generated, active vaccine immunization is crucial for the prevention of death caused by tetanus [2]. Nowadays, vaccination against tetanus is obligatory during childhood, as it is a part of regular vaccination schedule [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetanus toxoid purification: Chromatographic procedures as an alternative to ammonium-sulphate precipitation

Stojićević¹,

Dimitrijević²,

Dovezenski³

et al. 2011

Journal of Chromatography B

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Development of an ELISA for measuring the activity of tetanus toxoid in vaccines and comparison with the toxin neutralization test in mice

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Vaccination response to tetanus toxoid and 23-valent pneumococcal vaccines following administration of a single dose of abatacept: a randomized, open-label, parallel group study in healthy subjects

Vaccination response to tetanus toxoid and 23-valent pneumococcal vaccines following administration of a single dose of abatacept: a randomized, open-label, parallel group study in healthy subjects

Serum antibodies to diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine components in Argentine children

Tetanus toxoid purification: Chromatographic procedures as an alternative to ammonium-sulphate precipitation

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