Development of an infection‐resistant, bioactive wound dressing surface

Abstract

Trauma, whether caused by an accident or in an intentional manner, results in significant morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study was to develop a novel biomaterial surface in vitro and ex vivo that provides both localized infection resistance nd hemostatic properties. Our hypothesis is that a combination of specific surface characteristics can be successfully incorporated into a single biomaterial. Functional groups were created with woven Dacron (Cntrl) material via exposure to ethylenediamine (C-EDA). The antibiotic ciprofloxacin (Cipro) was then applied to the C-EDA material using pad/autoclave technique (C-EDA-AB) followed by surface immobilization of the coagulation cascade enzyme thrombin (C-EDA-AB-Thrombin). Antimicrobial activity by the C-EDA-AB surface persisted for 5 days compared with Cntrl and dipped controls, which lasted <1 h. C-EDA-AB-Thrombin surfaces had 2.6- and 105-fold greater surface thrombin activity compared with nonspecifically bound thrombin and Cipro-dyed surfaces, respectively. Surface thrombus formation ex vivo was evident after 1 min of exposure, with thrombus organization evident by 2.5 min. In contrast, C-EDA-AB and Cntrl segments showed only blood protein adsorption on the fibers. Thus, this study demonstrated that Cipro and thrombin can be simultaneously incorporated onto a biomaterial surface while maintaining their respective biological activities.

Analysis of functionalized polyethylene terephthalate with immobilized NTPDase and cysteine

“…This results in reducing the durability of PET in implants and other long-term biomedical applications. Even with these limitations, many studies have demonstrated immobilization of active biomolecules [5,6,16,19,21,22,[24][25][26]. These studies have also showed improved hemocompatibility [6,19,21], infection resistance [5,[24][25][26] and cell adhesion [22].…”

Biocidal efficacy, biofilm-controlling function, and controlled release effect of chloromelamine-based bioresponsive fibrous materials

“…Following the pioneering work of Gagliardi [20], which described the principles and strategies for imparting antimicrobial activities into fibrous materials, various biocidal agents, including antibiotics [21][22][23], metal ions [24], quaternary ammonium salts [25][26][27], phosphonium compounds [27,28], N-halamines [29,30], etc., have been incorporated into fibrous materials. The antimicrobial activities and mechanisms of these agents differ considerably.…”

Development of chitosan/poly‐γ‐glutamic acid/pluronic/curcumin nanoparticles in chitosan dressings for wound regeneration

“…Currently, the incidence of infection with gram‐negative ( Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) and gram‐positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus ) in surgical wounds is increasing. These are common environmental contaminants of burn wounds and other skin traumas, and can cause sepsis following introduction via dressing fluids and other sources . Previous studies show that chitosan is a natural, cationic, biologically renewable, biocompatible, nontoxic, and biofunctional compound and that its antimicrobial activity against bacteria accelerates wound healing and improves tissue reorganization .…”

“…These are common environmental contaminants of burn wounds and other skin traumas, and can cause sepsis following introduction via dressing fluids and other sources. 22,23 Previous studies show that chitosan is a natural, cationic, biologically renewable, biocompatible, nontoxic, and biofunctional compound and that its antimicrobial activity against bacteria accelerates wound healing and improves tissue reorganization. 24,25 In the present study, we fabricated a wound dressing containing chitosan/g-PGA/pluronic/curcumin nanoparticles that were incorporated in a chitosan membrane.…”