Development of Antimicrobial Competencies and Training for Staff Hospital Pharmacists

Crader, Marsha F.

doi:10.1310/hpj4901-32

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, AMS has been implemented in the majority of European countries in order to reduce the abuse and misuse of antimicrobials, the associated risk of resistance and adverse events [21] expenditure, the prevalence of resistant pathogens [47,48], and improve clinical outcomes [47,49]. In our study, 87.8% pharmacist agreed that suitable training should be offered to pharmacists on the appropriate use of antimicrobials, similar with the findings of Crader M et al that for all pharmacists in the hospital setting, antimicrobial steward programs should be initiated, and antibiotic competency and training should be offered [45,50]. Similarly, Dellit TH et al stated that pharmacists should have infectious disease training to work in hospitals in order to optimize antibiotic stewardship [51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Knowledge and Practice of Pharmacists toward Antimicrobial Stewardship in Pakistan

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The irrational use, “over the counter supply”, and unregulated supply chains of antimicrobials are contributing toward antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship programs regulate antimicrobials usage to prevent resistance and reduce health care burden. Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of pharmacists’ working in various healthcare settings toward antimicrobial stewardship in Pakistan. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacists working in different sectors between March to June 2017. Results: A total of 181 pharmacists participated, of whom (n = 145, 80.1%) were males. The majority of participants were in the 20–30 age group (n = 147, 81.2%) and hold Doctor of Pharmacy degrees. More than 80% of pharmacists agreed that “antimicrobial stewardship is essential to improve patient care”; while (n = 159, 87.8%) pharmacists agreed that “pharmacist should be trained on the use of antimicrobial”. Close to 90% of pharmacists agreed that “adequate training should be provided to pharmacists on antimicrobial use”. Regarding the practice of antimicrobial stewardship, (n = 72, 39.8%) pharmacists often/always “make efforts to prevent or reduce the transmission of infections within the community”; (n = 58, 32%) pharmacists never “dispense antimicrobials without a prescription”; and (n = 60, 32%) pharmacist often/always “communicate with prescribers if unsure about the appropriateness of an antibiotic prescription”. Conclusions: Increased antimicrobial stewardship efforts can both optimize the treatment of infections and reduce adverse events associated with antibiotic use. Pharmacists in Pakistan have good knowledge and adopt positive practices toward antimicrobial stewardship. Pharmacist and other health care professionals should collaborate within multi-disciplinary teams to reduce the problem of antimicrobial resistance and improve the quality of life of patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Knowledge and Practice of Pharmacists toward Antimicrobial Stewardship in Pakistan

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is limited research evaluating the impact of educational interventions or comparing different interventions to improve hospital pharmacists’ knowledge and skills in AMS. One study conducted in the United States described the development and evaluation of an educational and training program targeted at pharmacists in a community hospital without an ID/AMS pharmacist on site [ 28 ]. Multiple didactic and active educational strategies (lectures, small group sessions and online learning) were employed to teach AMS interventions such as intravenous-to-oral switch, and dose-adjustment based on renal function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Hospital pharmacists' perceived usefulness of different modes of education delivery relating to antimicrobial stewardship interventions *p ≤ 0.01 when comparing hospital pharmacists' perceived usefulness of e-learning and didactic programs to other more interactive modes for responses categorized as 'very useful/useful'. There was no difference between e-learning and didactic programs community hospital without an ID/AMS pharmacist on site [28]. Multiple didactic and active educational strategies (lectures, small group sessions and online learning) were employed to teach AMS interventions such as intravenous-to-oral switch, and dose-adjustment based on renal function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the practice, confidence and educational needs of hospital pharmacists in reviewing antimicrobial prescribing: a cross-sectional, nationwide survey

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs are usually limited in resources and scope. Therefore, wider engagement of hospital pharmacists in reviewing antimicrobial orders is necessary to ensure appropriate prescribing. We assessed hospital pharmacists’ self-reported practice and confidence in reviewing antimicrobial prescribing, and their knowledge in making AMS interventions. Methods We conducted an Australia-wide, cross-sectional survey in October 2017. A link to the online survey was emailed to hospital pharmacists via the Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia. Factors associated with higher knowledge scores were explored using linear regression models. Results There were 439 respondents, of whom 272 (61.7%) were from metropolitan public hospitals. Pharmacists were more likely to assess the appropriateness of intravenous, broad-spectrum or restricted antibiotics than narrow-spectrum, oral antibiotics within 24–72 h of prescription; p < 0.001. Fifty percent or fewer respondents were confident in identifying AMS interventions related to dose optimization based on infection-specific factors, bug-drug mismatch, and inappropriate lack of spectra of antimicrobial activity. The median knowledge score (correct answers to knowledge questions) was 6 out of 9 (interquartile range, 5–7); key gaps were noted in antimicrobials’ anaerobic spectrum, beta-lactam allergy assessment and dosing in immunocompromised patients. Clinical practice in inpatient areas, registration for 3–5 years and receipt of recent AMS education were associated with higher knowledge scores. More interactive modes of education delivery were preferred over didactic modes; p ≤ 0.01. Conclusion Gaps in practice, confidence and knowledge among hospital pharmacists were identified that could inform the design of educational strategies to help improve antimicrobial prescribing in Australian hospitals.

show abstract

“…One study focused on improving antimicrobial stewardship competency in 17 hospital pharmacists. 8 This study found improvements in knowledge after completion of the program, although changes in self-efficacy were not measured. The program was delivered over a 4-month period and was primarily delivered through a lecture-based format.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…[4][5][6] Limited literature within the hospital pharmacy setting exists evaluating CBA programs, and mostly focuses on training programs for specific clinical tasks. 7,8 Therefore, it is unclear whether CBA programs are an effective method to evaluate pharmacist's knowledge, clinical skills, and confidence within the hospital setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Hospital Pharmacist Annual Competency Program

French¹,

Giuliano

Dehoorne-Smith³

2018

Hosp Pharm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to evaluate a pharmacist annual competency evaluation (PACE) program for pharmacists at a single site. The results of this evaluation will be utilized to understand the effectiveness of PACE and provide suggestions for programmatic improvement. Methods: The primary outcome of this study was to evaluate the change in pharmacist composite self-efficacy (PSE) scores before and 1 month after the PACE program. The composite score was composed of self-efficacy related to 5 different clinical tasks. The 5 tasks selected were advanced cardiac life support, chemotherapy, dofetilide, patient-controlled analgesia pump, and alteplase (tPA). Secondary outcomes included evaluating each component of the composite score at 1 month, changes in composite score and components at 1 year, and changes in the generalized self-efficacy (GSE) survey at 1 month. Last, themes were identified from a feedback questionnaire after completion of PACE. Results: For the primary endpoint, PSE composite scores increased by 12.6% from pre-PACE to post-PACE at 1 month (79.6 ± 12.2 vs 89.7 ± 5.8; P < .001). All components of the composite PSE score showed a statistically significant improvement from baseline to 1 month. At 1 year, tPA was the only clinical task that was statistically different from baseline. GSE scores increased by 11.4% from pre-PACE to post-PACE (31.6 ± 3.6 vs 35.4 ± 2.8). No pharmacists required remediation. Conclusion: The competency assessment program led to improvements in pharmacist self-efficacy in dealing with low-volume, high-risk clinical pharmacy tasks. Future studies could assess various forms of competency assessment and timing of these programs to determine the most effective way to ensure pharmacist competency.

show abstract

Development of Antimicrobial Competencies and Training for Staff Hospital Pharmacists

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Knowledge and Practice of Pharmacists toward Antimicrobial Stewardship in Pakistan

Knowledge and Practice of Pharmacists toward Antimicrobial Stewardship in Pakistan

Exploring the practice, confidence and educational needs of hospital pharmacists in reviewing antimicrobial prescribing: a cross-sectional, nationwide survey

Evaluation of a Hospital Pharmacist Annual Competency Program

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About