Antimicrobial stewardship is an important component in health care outcomes of all patients. Many institutions are seeking the best methods to incorporate antimicrobial stewardship strategies into their hospitals including pharmacy services. Multiple factors should be considered when beginning or expanding an antimicrobial stewardship program. The purpose of this article is to discuss the development of basic antibiotic competencies and training for staff pharmacists in a community hospital. The article includes an assessment of pharmacists' knowledge pre education and post education, perception of benefits from an antibiotic education program, and learning needs and preferences.

A Joint Cooperative Endeavor Agreement is a contract between a college of pharmacy and a hospital. Through this type of agreement, colleges are providing partially or fully funded faculty a teaching and practice site within both community and university hospitals. The purpose of this article is to discuss the benefits for both the colleges of pharmacy and the hospitals that engage in a joint agreement and to provide information for those wishing to establish such an agreement. This article will include details of the terms and conditions of joint agreements from two different statefunded universities. The details provided could be considered when establishing a joint agreement to ensure adequate division of responsibilities between the two entities; however, the agreement may need to be adapted based on specific university and hospital legal counsel.

Collaborative practice between pharmacists and physicians is an important component of the evolving role of the pharmacist providing outpatient anticoagulation clinical services. Multiple issues should be addressed before the implementation of such services, including ensuring state laws and regulatory agencies' requirements are met. When a collaborative agreement is formed, the support of hospital services is vital to develop an outpatient anticoagulation clinic. The authors wish to offer this legal and regulatory process that evolved over a 5-year time period as an overview of potential areas to address when beginning a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation clinic. Our clinic example was between a community hospital and college of pharmacy faculty practitioners, but many of the principles can be extrapolated to other pharmacist practitioners not associated with a college of pharmacy. Throughout the article, we will briefly share the rationale and benefits of collaborative practice, with the main focus being the planning and implementation of an anticoagulation service and key hospital departments involved in that process.

Disclaimer In an effort to expedite the publication of articles related to the COVID-19 pandemic, AJHP is posting these manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.