“…Thus, the use of waste materials as carbon sources for microbial-derived PHA production has been proposed in order to simultaneously reduce both PHA production and waste disposable costs (Choi and Lee, 1999; Kim, 2000; Koller et al, 2017; Nielsen et al, 2017). Several waste sources have been used to produce PHAs with relative success (Marshall et al, 2013; Nikodinovic-Runic et al, 2013; Anjum et al, 2016; Koller et al, 2017), including domestic wastewater (Carucci et al, 2001); food waste (Rhu et al, 2003); molasses (Albuquerque et al, 2007; Carvalho et al, 2014); olive oil mill effluents (Dionisi et al, 2005); palm oil mill effluents (Din et al, 2012); tomato cannery water (Liu et al, 2008); lignocellulosic biomass (Bhatia et al, 2019); coffee waste (Bhatia et al, 2018); starch (Bhatia et al, 2015); biodiesel industry waste (Kumar et al, 2014a; Sathiyanarayanan et al, 2017); used cooking oil (Ciesielski et al, 2015; Kourmentza et al, 2017); pea-shells (Patel et al, 2012; Kumar et al, 2014b); paper mill wastewater (Jiang et al, 2012); bio-oil from the fast-pyrolysis of chicken beds (Moita and Lemos, 2012); and cheese whey (Table 1).…”