Development of Ciona intestinalis Juveniles (Through 2nd Ascidian Stage)

Chiba, Shota; Sasaki, Akane; Nakayama, Aki; Takamura, Kiyoko; Satoh, Nori

doi:10.2108/zsj.21.285

Cited by 116 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

133

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Wholemount in situ hybridization (ISH) was carried out in the first stages of Ciona juveniles initially using VCBP probes (complementing VCBP-A, -B, and -C). Almost all the organs and tissues at this stage are morphologically equivalent to those found in the adult (17). Hybridization to stomach was observed (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

A role for variable region-containing chitin-binding proteins (VCBPs) in host gut–bacteria interactions

Dishaw

Giacomelli²,

Melillo³

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A number of different classes of molecules function as structural matrices for effecting innate and adaptive immunity. The most extensively characterized mediators of adaptive immunity are the immunoglobulins and T-cell antigen receptors found in jawed vertebrates. In both classes of molecules, unique receptor specificity is effected through somatic variation in the variable (V) structural domain. V region-containing chitin-binding proteins (VCBPs) consist of two tandem Ig V domains as well as a chitin-binding domain. VCBPs are encoded at four loci (i.e., VCBPA-VCBPD) in Ciona, a urochordate, and are expressed by distinct epithelial cells of the stomach and intestine, as well as by granular amoebocytes present in the lamina propria of the gut and in circulating blood. VCBPs are secreted into the gut lumen, and direct binding to bacterial surfaces can be detected by immunogold analysis. Affinity-purified native and recombinant VCBP-C, as well as a construct consisting only of the tandem V domains, enhance bacterial phagocytosis by granular amoebocytes in vitro. Various aspects of VCBP expression and function suggest an early origin for the key elements that are central to the dialogue between the immune system of the host and gut microflora.bacteria opsonization | bacteria phagocytosis | immunoglobulin variable domains D ifferent molecular and cellular mechanisms that effect "innate" or "adaptive" immune responses shape immunity to pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites in all metazoans. The innate immune system includes germline-encoded receptor molecules that recognize widely divergent molecular structures. In contrast, the gene loci that encode the receptor molecules of the adaptive immune system undergo unique rearrangements in individual somatic cells that expand clonally and account for nearlimitless functional variation of receptors. The adaptive immune response is limited to jawed vertebrate species, whereas innate immunity is characteristic of all metazoan phyla.Alternative mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity have been described in jawless vertebrates, protochordates, and other invertebrates (1, 2). Given the absence of V domain-mediated immunity in jawless vertebrates, the protochordate lineages are particular significant for understanding the origins of V region diversity as a basic form of immune recognition. In the protochordate Branchiostoma floridae (amphioxus), variable region-containing chitin-binding proteins (VCBPs) were described that consist of two variable (V) Ig domains and a single chitin-binding domain (3). VCBPs are encoded by diverse, nonrecombining, haplotypically variable alleles (4-6). Detailed structural studies of VCBPs reveal that the hyperpolymorphic positions are localized on the β-sheet surfaces of the folded V domains (7) and not on the connecting loops, which are the sites of the highest variability in the V domains of Ig and T-cell receptor (TCR). Other innate immune functions (e.g., viral receptor and superantigen-binding sites) are associated with V regi...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

A role for variable region-containing chitin-binding proteins (VCBPs) in host gut–bacteria interactions

Dishaw

Giacomelli²,

Melillo³

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Under these conditions, larvae hatched approximately 18-20 h after fertilisation. Mid-late swimming larvae were examined 3-4 h after hatching when competence for metamorphosis was reached (Chiba et al 2004;Nakayama et al 2005).…”

Section: Ascidiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflamed adult pharynx tissues and swimming larva of Ciona intestinalis share CiTNFα-producing cells

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry analyses have shown that the Ciona intestinalis tumour necrosis factor alpha gene (CiTNFα), which has been previously cloned and sequenced, is expressed either during the inflammatory pharynx response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or during the swimming larval phase of development. Granulocytes with large granules and compartment/morula cells are CiTNFα-producing cells in both inflamed pharynx and larvae. Pharynx vessel endothelium also takes part in the inflammatory response. Haemocyte nodules in the vessel lumen or associated with the endothelium suggest the involvement of CiTNFα in recruiting lymphocyte-like cells and promoting the differentiation of inflammatory haemocytes. Specific antibodies against a CiTNFα peptide have identified a 43-kDa cell-bound form of the protein. Observations of pharynx histological sections (at 4 and 8 h post-LPS inoculation) from naive and medium-inoculated ascidians have confirmed the CiTNFα-positive tissue response. Larval histological sections and whole-mount preparations have revealed that CiTNFα is expressed by trunk mesenchyme, preoral lobe and tunic cells, indicating CiTNFα-expressing cell immigration events and an ontogenetic role.

show abstract

“…Ciona intestinalis and Ciona robusta, two species that until recently were both called Ciona intestinalis (Brunetti et al, 2015), are well-established models for embryology, and as adults they can rapidly and robustly regenerate their oral siphons as well as their central nervous systems (Jeffery, 2015a). The oral siphon (OS) is a cylindrical appendage composed primarily of muscular tissue, vasculature, nerves, epidermis, eight oral pigment organs (OPOs) located at the distal tip, and an outer coating of tunic (Chiba et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microRNA-mRNA expression network during oral siphon regeneration in Ciona

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Here we present a parallel study of mRNA and microRNA expression during oral siphon (OS) regeneration in Ciona robusta, and the derived network of their interactions. In the process of identifying 248 mRNAs and 15 microRNAs as differentially expressed, we also identified 57 novel microRNAs, several of which are among the most highly differentially expressed. Analysis of functional categories identified enriched transcripts related to stress responses and apoptosis at the wound healing stage, signaling pathways including Wnt and TGFβ during early regrowth, and negative regulation of extracellular proteases in late stage regeneration. Consistent with the expression results, we found that inhibition of TGFβ signaling blocked OS regeneration. A correlation network was subsequently inferred for all predicted microRNA-mRNA target pairs expressed during regeneration. Network-based clustering associated transcripts into 22 non-overlapping groups, the functional analysis of which showed enrichment of stress response, signaling pathway and extracellular protease categories that could be related to specific microRNAs. Predicted targets of the miR-9 cluster suggest a role in regulating differentiation and the proliferative state of neural progenitors through regulation of the cytoskeleton and cell cycle.

show abstract

Development of Ciona intestinalis Juveniles (Through 2nd Ascidian Stage)

Cited by 116 publications

References 21 publications

A role for variable region-containing chitin-binding proteins (VCBPs) in host gut–bacteria interactions

A role for variable region-containing chitin-binding proteins (VCBPs) in host gut–bacteria interactions

Inflamed adult pharynx tissues and swimming larva of Ciona intestinalis share CiTNFα-producing cells

A microRNA-mRNA expression network during oral siphon regeneration in Ciona

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About