Development of combined imbibition and hydrothermal threshold models to simulate maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) and chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i>) seed germination in variable environments

Finch‐Savage, William E.; Rowse, H. R.; Dent, Katherine

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01272.x

Cited by 45 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…There were also variations in seed water potential between days and trays, and probably within the tray due to unevenness on the crust surface. Within these variations, periods of high water potential may have played an important role in triggering germination (Finch-Savage et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination and seed water status of four grasses on moss-dominated biological soil crusts from arid lands

et al. 2006

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Biological soil crusts dominated by drought-tolerant mosses are commonly found through arid and semiarid steppe communities of the northern Great Basin of North America. We conducted growth chamber experiments to investigate the effects of these crusts on the germination of four grasses: Festuca idahoensis, Festuca ovina, Elymus wawawaiensis and Bromus tectorum. For each of these species, we recorded germination time courses on bare soil and two types of biological soil crusts; one composed predominantly of the tall moss Tortula ruralis and the other dominated by the short moss Bryum argenteum. On the short-moss crust, the final germination percentage was about half of that on bare soil. Also, the mean germination time was 4 days longer on short-mosses than on bare soil. In contrast to the shortmoss crust, the tall-moss crust did not reduce the final germination percentage but increased the mean germination time. Similar results were observed in the four grasses studied. To investigate the mechanism by which moss crusts affected germination, we analyzed the water status of seeds on bare soil and moss crusts. Six days after seeding, the water content of seeds on bare soil was approximately twice that of seeds on tall-or short-moss crust. Analysis of the time course of changes in seed weight and water potential in Bromus tectorum revealed that overtime seeds on tall mosses reached higher water content than those on short mosses. The increase in the water content of seeds on tall mosses occurred as the seeds gradually fell through the moss canopy. Taken together, our results indicate that biological soil crusts with distinct structural characteristics can have different effects on seed germination. Furthermore, this study revealed that a biological soil crust dominated by short mosses had a negative effect on seed water status and significantly reduced seed germination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Germination and seed water status of four grasses on moss-dominated biological soil crusts from arid lands

et al. 2006

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“…The models described in the previous section have been extended to simulate germination of nondormant seeds (and subsequent seedling emergence) in the field from these simple parameters describing the seed response to ambient soil conditions (e.g. Finch‐Savage & Phelps, 1993; Batlla et al ., 2004; Finch‐Savage, 2004; Finch‐Savage et al ., 2005b). However, seeds of many species are dormant and temperature is the major factor that drives change in the depth of dormancy, and separate factors may then be required to terminate dormancy and induce germination.…”

Section: How Is Nondeep Physiological Seed Dormancy Regulated By mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed dormancy and the control of germination

2006

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Contents Summary 501 Introduction 502 What is dormancy and how is it related to germination? 502 How is nondeep physiological dormancy regulated within the seed at the molecular level? 509 How is nondeep physiological seed dormancy regulated by the environment? Ecophysiology and modelling 514 Conclusions and perspectives 518 Acknowledgements 519 References 519 Supplementary material 523 Summary Seed dormancy is an innate seed property that defines the environmental conditions in which the seed is able to germinate. It is determined by genetics with a substantial environmental influence which is mediated, at least in part, by the plant hormones abscisic acid and gibberellins. Not only is the dormancy status influenced by the seed maturation environment, it is also continuously changing with time following shedding in a manner determined by the ambient environment. As dormancy is present throughout the higher plants in all major climatic regions, adaptation has resulted in divergent responses to the environment. Through this adaptation, germination is timed to avoid unfavourable weather for subsequent plant establishment and reproductive growth. In this review, we present an integrated view of the evolution, molecular genetics, physiology, biochemistry, ecology and modelling of seed dormancy mechanisms and their control of germination. We argue that adaptation has taken place on a theme rather than via fundamentally different paths and identify similarities underlying the extensive diversity in the dormancy response to the environment that controls germination.

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“…). Accordingly, population‐based threshold models (PBTM) have been developed to describe germination responses to temperature, water potential (Bradford ) and oxygen (Bradford, Côme & Corbineau ) and have been used to predict crop seedling emergence (Finch‐Savage, Rowse & Dent ). Field predictions of weed seedling emergence for adequate timing of weed control must involve a mechanistic integration of soil microclimate variables (Forcella et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population‐based threshold models describe weed germination and emergence patterns across varying temperature, moisture and oxygen conditions

Boddy

Bradford

Fischer

2012

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary1. Opportunities for diversifying the management of weedy populations may be enhanced through accurate predictions of seedling emergence, because the timing and success of control measures often hinges on the timing of weed emergence. We used population-based threshold models to establish the temperature, moisture and oxygen conditions for optimum germination of herbicide-resistant and -susceptible Echinochloa phyllopogon, a weed of temperate paddy rice, and applied them to predict emergence from field soil. 2. We combined hydrothermal time for germination, accounting for within-population variation in base water potentials (Ψ b ), with thermal time for early seedling growth to predict the quantity and proportional size of the emergence flushes that constitute final recruitment. 3. Emergence in field soils was reduced by moisture stress and flooding, especially for the resistant population. In all populations, germination rates increased between 9Á5 and 31°C, Ψ b was <À1Á0 MPa, and there was no sensitivity to oxygen supply. 4. Synthesis and applications. Population-based threshold models produced physiologically meaningful germination parameters, which are useful in defining the environmental constraints to germination, and predicting Echinochloa phyllopogon germination and emergence in field soils. By exploring the effects of temperature, water stress and flooding on germination and emergence, we predict irrigation regimes for optimising recruitment and the timing of weed control.

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Development of combined imbibition and hydrothermal threshold models to simulate maize (Zea mays) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum) seed germination in variable environments

Cited by 45 publications

References 35 publications

Germination and seed water status of four grasses on moss-dominated biological soil crusts from arid lands

Germination and seed water status of four grasses on moss-dominated biological soil crusts from arid lands

Seed dormancy and the control of germination

Population‐based threshold models describe weed germination and emergence patterns across varying temperature, moisture and oxygen conditions

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