Development of Composite Solid Propellant Based on Nitro Functionalized Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene

Abusaidi, Hadi; Ghorbani, Mostafa; Ghaieni, Hamid Reza

doi:10.1002/prep.201600120

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The introduction of nitro groups onto the HTPB polymer chain HMX/15 wt.% nitro-HTPB-2/5 wt.% Bu-NENA) were more stable. They recently revealed further research on nitro-HTPB-2 used as an energetic binder in an AP/ Al-based propellant [70] and the essential properties were also investigated. As a result, both nitro-HTPB-2 based PBXs, with and without the energetic plasticizer Bu-NENA, give good mechanical properties and further improvement of the T g , elongation and viscosity.…”

Section: Nitro Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene: Chemical Modification and Application of these Modifiers in Propellants and Explosives

Zhang¹,

Shu²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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Hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as a telechelic liquid polymer has been widely used in propellants and explosives and many modified-HTPBs have been reported in the literature. As a binder or additive in propellants and explosives, the chemical modification of HTPB for improving certain properties of propellants has been summarized in detail in this article. According to the application drawbacks of HTPB, modified-HTPB can be classified differently. Furthermore, there are polymers that have been modified on their energetic properties, such as GAP-PB-GAP, BAMO-PB-BAMO, AMMO-PB-AMMO, Nitro-HTPB, HTPB-DNB and NHTPB. Pre-polymers modified on their combustion properties include Butacene ® , FPDS-g-HTPB, Fc-HTPB, BiFc-g-HTPB, HTPB→[Fe(CO)3]x, PPA-HTPB-PPA and PNBE-HTPB-PNBE. HTPBs are also modified in curing systems containing, for example ETPB, PTPB, PrTPB, AzTPB, and PUPB, and other modification results are reviewed. Additionally, this overview is expected to provide an outlook for further studies in these fields.

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Section: Nitro Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene: Chemical Modification and Application of these Modifiers in Propellants and Explosives

Zhang¹,

Shu²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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“…Although HTPB offers reliable mechanical properties, its carbon backbone offers no energetic properties that positively contribute to specific impulse while also significantly dampening the oxygen balance of the composition [7]. Energetic polymers not only can increase specific impulse, but also increase burn rate, density, and combustion temperature [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of novel energetic polymers and binders – high energy propellant ingredients for the new space race

Cheng

2019

Designed Monomers and Polymers

115

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Current solid rocket propellant formulations still employ traditional ingredients utilized since the 1960s, such as hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB). Recent advances in energetic polymer see many binders capable of providing higher specific impulse and burn rates over HTPB. As shown by calculations, even slight increases in specific impulse can drastically increase the maximum payload of a launch system. Therefore, replacing HTPB with energetic binders could provide heavy space missions the needed extra boost. Energetic binders could also be paired with chlorine-free energetic oxidizers to synergistically provide a specific impulse exceedingly higher than the current formulation while reducing pollution. A comprehensive evaluation of the synthesis, mechanical properties, and performance of various trending and overlooked energetic polymers is described. Several outstanding candidates show promising properties to replace HTPB.

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“…Various energetic polymers and their copolymers have been developed in this manner, including glycidyl azide polymer (GAP), polyglycidyl nitrate (PGN), polyoxetanes such as poly(BAMMO), poly(AMMO), poly(NIMMO) and poly(GLYN), and substituted polyphosphazenes with azido and nitrate pendant groups . The nitration of HTPB has also produced recent promising results . Nitrated cyclodextrins (CDs) have been used in an attempt to replace NC with natural CDs as building blocks for energetic binders .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] The nitration of HTPB has also produced recent promising results. [9] Nitrated cyclodextrins (CDs) have been used in an attempt to replaceN Cw ith natural CDs as building blocks for energetic binders. [10] Thei ntent is to overcome the inconsistentp hysicochemicalp roperties of cellulose, the NC precursor.T he selection and certification process for cotton batches intended for NC production is long and expensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Modification of β‐Cyclodextrins: Balancing Soft and Rigid Domains in Complex Structures

Luppi

Mai

Kister

et al. 2019

Chemistry A European J

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Crystalline polymers such as b-cyclodextrin( bCD) can be modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) diglycidyl ether cross-linkers (262, 394, 500 Da). In this work, the authors show that the quantity and length of the PEG soft segments influencet he solubility and malleability of the products, which are water soluble and easily converted to nitrated analoguesu nder standard reaction conditions. Inert and nitrated derivatives containing longer PEG segmentsshowed the ability to self-heal. The degree of cross-linking and de-composition temperatures ande nergies dependedo nt he quantity andl ength of the soft segment. Nitrated crosslinked bCD containingl ongerP EG segmentsd id not ignite following an electrostatic discharge of 4.5 J. The chemical stabilityo fbCD/PEG bindersw as testedb yh eat flow calorimetry at 80 8C. The balanced incorporation of soft PEG and rigid bCD segmentsw as found to improve the processability of cross-linked bCDsa nd desensitised their nitratedd erivatives, offering new solutions for inert and energetic binders.

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Development of Composite Solid Propellant Based on Nitro Functionalized Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene: Chemical Modification and Application of these Modifiers in Propellants and Explosives

Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene: Chemical Modification and Application of these Modifiers in Propellants and Explosives

Review of novel energetic polymers and binders – high energy propellant ingredients for the new space race

Chemical Modification of β‐Cyclodextrins: Balancing Soft and Rigid Domains in Complex Structures

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