Development of Critical Thinking Scale through Philosophical Inquiry for Children 5-6 Years Old

Abstract

Philosophy for children approach has been implemented in 50 different countries, and the materials of this approach have been translated into 20 different languages. Lipman (2003) describes this approach as a philosophy-based approach to encourage critical thinking in students. The purpose of this study is to develop the "Critical Thinking Scale through Philosophical Inquiry" for the children at 5 and 6 years in pre-school period and to conduct the validity and reliability studies. The study group consisted of 509 children: 201 of them (39.5%) at 5 years, 308 (60.5%), at 6 years with 249 (48.9%) girls and 260 (51.1%) boys. Data were gathered from 41 classes in 10 kindergartens in İzmir in terms of working group, group diversity and representation power. After the end value, normality, and linearity analyses of the data were computed, the implicit factor analysis was used to determine the scale, and model fit was examined by confirmatory factor analysis. As a result of the EFA, there was no need to withdraw any material and AFA was a result of a 5-point Likert-type scale consisting of 38 factors, namely "Philosophical Inquiry", "Language and Cognitive Skills" and "Formulating Question". Internal consistency coefficients for these sub factors and the overall sum of the test were calculated to be .974, .955, .983, .986 respectively and were found to be at a higher level.Factors obtained from EFA were tested with CFA and the agreement values were found as χ2 / df: 4,933,

The Effect of Philosophy for Children (P4C) Curriculum on Critical Thinking through Philosophical Inquiry and Problem Solving Skills

“…This study deployed a "Personal Information Form" to obtain demographic information regarding children and their families. To measure the effectiveness of the developed curriculum, "Critical Thinking Scale through Philosophical Inquiry for Children 5-6 Years Old (CTSPI)" developed by Karadağ, Yıldız Demirtaş and Yıldız (2017) and "Problem Solving Skills Scale for Children (PSSS)" developed by Oğuz and Köksal Akyol (2015) were used as pretest and post-test.…”

“…Critical thinking scale through philosophical inquiry for children 5-6 years old (CTSPI): Being a 5-point Likert type ("Never", "Sometimes", "Rarely", "Often" and "Always"), the scale consisted of three sub-factors (Philosophical Inquiry, Language and Cognitive Skills and Formulating Question) and 38 items. Karadağ, Yıldız Demirtaş and Yıldız (2017) examined the implicit structure of the scale through exploratory factor analysis and model fit with confirmatory factor analysis to ensure the construct validity of the scale. The internal consistency coefficients of the scale were noted to be high (.974, .955, .983, .986).…”

Okul Öncesi Fen Eğitiminde Eleştirel Düşünme Becerileri ve Öğretmen Eğitimine Yönelik Öneriler

“…Necatibey Faculty of Education, Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education kitapları incelendiğinde, okul öncesi çocukların eleştirel düşünme becerilerinin genel olarak düşünme becerileri başlığı altında incelendiği görülmektedir (Akman & diğerleri, 2010;Arı & Öncü;2011;Kandır, Yaşar & Tuncer, 2011;Şen & diğerleri, 2011;Şahin & Ulutaş, 2014;Şahin & diğerleri, 2015;Yıldız, 2017). Diğer bir yandan, eleştirel düşünme becerilerini ayrı bir başlık altında ele alan kaynakların da yetersiz olduğu ve eleştirel düşünmenin hangi boyutlarının hangi etkinliklerle geliştirilebileceği konusunun ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmadığı dikkati çekmektedir.…”

Elements of critical reading in EFL teachers’ instructions

“…Over the past decade, studies have shown that critical thinking can be taught to school kids (e.g. Florea & Hurjui, 2015;Marie-France & Mathieu, 2012;Nilson, Fetherston, McMurray, Fetherston, 2013;Qizi & Qizi, 2021) and even pre-school children (Karadağ, Demirtaş, & Yıldız, 2017).…”