Development of Dedicated Lubricant for Hydrogen Fuelled Spark Ignition Engine

Singh, Satbir; Bathla, Verinder Kumar; Mathai, Reji; Subramanian, K.A.

doi:10.4271/2019-28-2511

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…There is indication that the current lubricant formulations should be altered in order to better serve HICEs in reducing their relatively rapid degradation. 23,28 It is shown that the conditions of the in-cylinder components can significantly affect the generated contact pressures and temperatures during the combustion process. 29,30 Therefore, an in-depth tribological investigations cannot be carried out in isolation from the combustion process itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiphysics performance assessment of hydrogen fuelled engines

Rahmani

Dolatabadi

Rahnejat

2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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In the quest for decarbonisation, alternative clean fuels for propulsion systems are sought. There is definite advantage in retaining the well-established principles of operation of combustion engines at the core of future developments with hydrogen as a fuel. Hydrogen is envisaged as a clean source of energy for propulsion of heavy and off-road vehicles, as well as in marine and construction sectors. A source of concern is the unexplored effect of hydrogen combustion on dilution and degradation of engine lubricants and their additives, and consequently upon tribology of engine contact conjunctions. These potential problems can adversely affect engine efficiency, durability, and operational integrity. Use of different fuels and their method of delivery, produces distinctive combustion characteristics that can affect the energy losses associated with in-cylinder components and their durability. Therefore, detailed predictive analysis should support the developments of such new generation of eco-friendly engines. Different fundamental physics underpin the various aspects of a pertinent detailed analysis. These include thermodynamics of combustion, in-cylinder tribological interactions of contacting surfaces, and blowby of generated gasses. This paper presents such an integrated multi-physics analysis of internal combustion engines with focus on hydrogen as the fuel. Such an in-depth and computationally efficient analysis has not hitherto been reported in the literature. The results show implications for lubricant degradation due to the use of hydrogen in the performance of in-cylinder components and the underlying physical principles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiphysics performance assessment of hydrogen fuelled engines

Rahmani

Dolatabadi

Rahnejat

2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…Hydrogen fuel does not contain carbon atoms, thus molecules containing carbon such as carbon oxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), PM and unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) which are detected at the engine exhaust are assumed to derive from combustion or partial combustion of lubricant oil [13]. It must be considered that hydrogen combustion produces water: due to the short hydrogen flame quenching distance water vapor may interferes with the lubricant oil on the cylinder liner in a cold start or low load operative engine conditions [14]. Also, oil-water emulsion can be caused by the adoption of Direct Water Injection (DWI) in a hydrogen-fuelled engine, with the water being directly injected in the combustion chamber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oil-water emulsion causes the degradation of some lubricant oil key properties, such as viscosity, possibly enhancing parts wear and friction. In light of above, deemulsified should be added to lubricant oil for hydrogen combustion 05/31/2023 purposes in order to control water ingress [17]. Garcìa et al [18] studied the lubricant oil pollution in a dual fuel diesel-hydrogen engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a One-Dimensional Dilution and Evaporation Lubricant Oil Model to Predict Oil Evaporation under Different Engine Operative Conditions Considering a Large Hydrogen-Fuelled Engine

De Renzis,

Mariani,

Bianchi

et al. 2023

SAE Technical Paper Series

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The increasing environmental concern is leading to the need for innovation in the field of internal combustion engines, in order to reduce the carbon footprint. In this context, hydrogen is a possible mid-term solution to be used both in conventional-like internal combustion engines and in fuel cells (for hybridization purposes), thus, hydrogen combustion characteristics must be considered. In particular, the flame of a hydrogen combustion is less subjected to the quenching effect caused by the engine walls in the combustion chamber. Thus, the significant heating up of the thin lubricant layer upon the cylinder liner may lead to its evaporation, possibly and negatively affecting the combustion process, soot production. The authors propose an analysis which aims to address the behavior of different typical engine oils, (SAE0W30, SAE5W30, SAE5W40) under engine thermo-physical conditions considering a large hydrogen-fuelled engine. The operative conditions are obtained by means of simulations through a zero-dimensional engine model in <i>OpenWAM</i> environment. The lubricant oils composition and properties are defined by means of a statistical interference-based optimization approach which identifies the most proper mixture of heavy hydrocarbons as a surrogate of real oils. Then, the mixture is implemented in an in-house developed heat and mass transfer one-dimensional model which accounts for the lubricant oil evaporation and the mutual diffusion between the oil surrogate components. This work aims to test and analyze the response of different lubricant oils to heating and evaporation processes during the compression and combustion stroke of a hydrogen-fuelled internal combustion engine. The behaviour and the properties evolution during the compression and part of the expansion strokes of different lubricant oils in two different engine operative conditions are captured and discussed.</div></div>

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