Development of digestive enzymes in common dentex Dentex dentex during early ontogeny

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“…In current study, trypsin was firstly detected as early as hatching (at 3.52±0.26 mm total length) and sharply increased from 3 DAH related to exogenous feeding in preflexion stage as observed for mostly cultivated Sparids. Also, Gisbert et al (2009) recorded similar finding as first detection concurrentliy with hatching for trypsin in the same species . For instance for the other cultured species, similar detection and developmental pattern was recorded in S. aurata at 3 DAH (Moyano et al, 1996), P. auriga at 3 DAH (Moyano et al, 2005), P. pagrus at 3 DAH (Suzer et al, 2007a), P. eryhtrinus at 3 DAH (Suzer et al, 2006a), D. puntazzo at 3 DAH (Suzer et al, 2007b) and meagre Argyrosomus regius at 3 DAH (Suzer et al, 2013).…”

“…For instance for the other cultured species, similar detection and developmental pattern was recorded in S. aurata at 3 DAH (Moyano et al, 1996), P. auriga at 3 DAH (Moyano et al, 2005), P. pagrus at 3 DAH (Suzer et al, 2007a), P. eryhtrinus at 3 DAH (Suzer et al, 2006a), D. puntazzo at 3 DAH (Suzer et al, 2007b) and meagre Argyrosomus regius at 3 DAH (Suzer et al, 2013). On the other hand, as reported for both D. dentex and other cultured Sparids such as S. aurata, D. sargus, D. puntazzo, and P. erythrinus, trypsin specific activity was relatively higher during early stages and then sharply and/or slightly decline was observed about after 20 DAH correlated with alteration of feeding regime, development of gastric glands before acidic digestion in stomach (Moyano et al, 1996;Cara et al, 2003;Suzer et al, 2006Suzer et al, , 2007aGisbert et al, 2009). These findings were similar with herring larvae, Clupea harengus, (Pedersen and Andersen, 1992) and tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, larvae (Drossou et al, 2006) which tryptic activity presented increased in early stages and then relatively lower profile under culture conditions.…”

“…This phenomenon might indicate that co-feeding period of D. dentex larvae could be started synchronously with gastric secretion and functional stomach (28 DAH) in flexion stage but we have no information. Besides, Gisbert et al (2009) reported that pepsin activity was not detected until 19 DAH and started to rise up after this day and also the total activity increased with larval age and reached to maximum value between 35 and 50 DAH in common dentex larvae . The difference on starting of gastric secretion between these two studies might be related with relatively higher culture temperature (between 19 and 23°C) than our study (between 17 and 23°C) and different larval feeding regime and also this situation could be accelerated the organogenesis of digestive system.…”

“…trypsin, pepsin) could be accepted as comparative deterministic tool as well as a predictor not only for description of nutritional capabilities but also quality indicators of marine fish larvae during early ontogeny (Ribeiro et al, 1999;Lazo et al, 2000;Cara et al, 2003;Suzer et al, 2006bSuzer et al, , 2007aSuzer et al, ,b, 2013Ribeiro et al, 2008;Gisbert et al, 2009). Besides, knowledge about larval nutritional status and also ontogenetical changes of digestive enzymes in larvae of new candidate species will be supplied the development of processes of food digestion and assimilation.…”

“…During the last two decades, numerous studies have shown that early ontogeny of the digestive enzymes could be evaluated as effective tool for determination of larval quality, performance and nutritional status and physiological response for preferred diet during both larval and weaning stage under culture conditions (Ribeiro et al, 1999;Lazo et al, 2000;Cara et al, 2003;Suzer et al, 2006b;Suzer et al, 2007a,b;Ribeiro et al, 2008;Gisbert et al, 2009;Suzer et al, 2013). Moreover, there are some studies related with D. dentex focused on larval development (Rueda and Martínez, 2001), histological ontogeny of the digestive tract (Santamaría et al, 2004), early life history (Fırat et al, 2005), and different culture techniques (Suzer et al, 2006a) of D. dentex however, some detailed investigations about digestive enzymes were conducted by SDS-PAGE (Alarcón et al, 1998) and spectrophotometric ) methods and also effects of different dietary formulations (Pérez-Jiménez et al, 2009) in this species under culture conditions.…”